Association of galectin-3 expression with melanoma progression and prognosis

Intranuclear accumulation of galectin-3 is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm

“…In the multivariate analysis, gal-3-INA was the only independent prognostic factor. The relationship between prognosis and the status of galectin-3 expression in patients with invasive IPMN was similar to the relationship in malignancies, such as ovarian carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, malignant melanoma, gallbladder carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma [18][19][20][21][22][23] , i.e. association with poor prognosis.…”

“…Tatsuo Shimura 1) , Yasuhide Kofunato 2) , Ryo Okada 2) , Rei Yashima 2) , Yoshihisa Koyama 2) , Koji Okada 3) , Kenichiro Araki 3) , Yasuo Hosouchi 4) , Hiroyuki Kuwano 3) , Seiichi Takenoshita 2) Overexpression of galectin-3 has been reported as a predictor of poorer prognosis in ovarian carcinoma 18) , nasopharyngeal carcinoma 19) , malignant melanoma 20) , gallbladder carcinoma 21) , osteosarcoma 22) , and hepatocellular carcinoma 23) . However, in pancreatic carcinoma 24) , laryngeal squamous-cell carcinoma 25) , gastric carcinoma 26) , clear cell renal carcinoma 27) , and breast carcinoma 28) , said overexpression has been reported to be associated with better prognosis.…”

Immune response in a regressing compound dysplastic nevus

“…Other authors had studied the presence of galectin 3 in differential melanocytic lesions, and concluded that strong galectin 3 expression was associated with an improved overall survival from melanocytic lesions. Other studies had shown contradictory results, showing that melanocytes accumulate galectin-3 with tumor progression, particularly in the nuclei [3,4]. Here Galectin 3 is likely allowing a flux of the immune cells into the nevus.…”

“…Galectin plays a role in cell-cell adhesion, cell-matrix interactions and macrophage activation, among other functions [3,4]. Other authors had studied the presence of galectin 3 in differential melanocytic lesions, and concluded that strong galectin 3 expression was associated with an improved overall survival from melanocytic lesions.…”

Long-term Survival and Clinical Benefit from Adoptive T-cell Transfer in Stage IV Melanoma Patients Is Determined by a Four-Parameter Tumor Immune Signature

“…More recently, a large study in patients with stage IV (distant metastases) melanoma revealed that even at this stage, intratumoral T-cell content was associated with improved survival (7). However, the predictive value for survival was not so strong, indicating that other immune-related factors previously studied in primary melanoma may also play a role (8)(9)(10)(11)(12); this involvement of other immune parameters was also suggested by studies at the gene expression level (13,14). In parallel, studies showing that a strong intratumoral T-cell infiltrate fosters a better response to PD-1 checkpoint therapy (15) and autologous tumor cell vaccination (11), but also that intratumoral macrophages can hamper CTLA-4 checkpoint therapy (16), suggest that the tumor's immune contexture may also influence the response to immunotherapy.…”