Association of helminth infections and food consumption in common eiders Somateria mollissima in Iceland

Patterns and processes influencing helminth parasites of Arctic coastal communities during climate change

“…Numbers in the graph denote the number of birds examined in each of the regions. (Based on data in Markov (1937Markov ( , 1941, Belopolskaya (1952), Threlfall (1971), Bishop & Threlfall (1974), Persson et al (1974), Galaktionov et al (1993), Galaktionov (1996a), Kuklin (2001), Borgsteede et al (2005), Kuklin & Kuklina (2005), , Skírnisson (2015) and our data.) (a) Thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia; ×, --); black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla; triangles, --); glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus; diamonds, .. Tereschenko et al (1985), Averintsev (1989), Loeng et al (1992), Węsławski & Stempiewicz (1995), Adrov & Denisenko (1996) and Denisenko (2013), for the White Sea (WS) they were taken from Babkov (1998) fig.…”

“…It has a huge influence on the development of parasites in intermediate hosts (mostly ectothermic animals), the emergence of larvae into the environment, their infectivity and the process of host infection (Marcogliese, 2001;Mouritsen & Poulin, 2002b;Pietrock & Marcogliese, 2003;Poulin, 2006;Poulin & Mouritsen, 2006;Thieltges & Rick, 2006;Studer et al, 2010;Morley & Lewis, 2013, 2015. One might assume that a lower transmission rate in cold waters results in lower infection levels of marine organisms.…”

“…Moreover, it does not differ considerably from the cercarial output recorded by Prokofiev et al (2016) in the same or closely related trematode species at the White Sea (66°N). This is due to the high acclimation potential of trematodes, underlying a broad variation of the optimal temperature range for the transmission of their larvae at different latitudes (Morley & Lewis, 2013, 2015.…”

“…Cercarial development, emergence and survival, as well as the survival of miracidia, are not much influenced by temperature over optimum temperature ranges (Morley, 2011(Morley, , 2012Morley & Lewis, 2013, 2015. For instance, average daily cercarial output of Renicola spp.…”

Ecology and evolution of marine parasites and diseases: International NIOZ–AWI symposium, 10–14 March 2014, Texel, The Netherlands

“…viruses, bacteria (Schade et al, in press;Sweet and Bateman, 2015) or protozoans (Sweet and Séré, in press)) to macroparasites (e.g. helminths (de Montaudouin et al, in press; Kleinertz et al, in press; Prokofiev et al, in press)) but also a wide phylogenetic range of host taxa including invertebrates (de Montaudouin et al, in press;Noever et al, in press;Prokofiev et al, 2015) as well as vertebrates (Kleinertz et al, 2015;Lehnert et al, in press;Skirnisson, 2015). The studies in this special issue also cover a large diversity of geographical regions from Arctic (Gonchar and Galaktionov, in press;Prokofiev et al, 2015) to (sub)tropical environments (de Montaudouin et al, in press;Kleinertz et al, 2015, Sweet and Séré, in press).…”