Association of increased levels of omentin‐1 and carotid intima‐media thickness with early signs of cardiovascular risk in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A prospective case control study

Abstract

Aim: Omentin-1, an adipokine primarily secreted from visceral adipose tissue, regulates metabolic homeostasis, whereas carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a valid marker for early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is related to levels of omentin-1 and CIMT and demonstrate the association with cardiovascular risk. Methods: A prospective case-control study was performed on 47 PCOS patients and 35 healthy subjects. Hormonal and metabolic parameters, levels of serum omentin-1, and CIMT were evaluated in the two groups. Results: The right, left, total CIMT, and levels of serum omentin-1 were significantly higher in the PCOS group than in the healthy controls (p = 0.015, p = 0.009, p = 0.021, and p = 0.002, respectively). Using multiple linear and backward elimination regression analyses, serum omentin-1 was found to be independently associated with age and Ln-transformed homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and cardiovascular parameters were independently associated with body mass index (BMI). In the PCOS group, the means of right, left, and total CIMT were significantly higher in the subgroup with BMI levels ≥25 kg/m 2 compared to the subgroup with BMI levels <25 kg/m 2 (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Conclusion: A significant increase in CIMT is associated with cardiovascular risk in patients with PCOS. Levels of serum omentin-1 were found to be significantly higher in early PCOS cases at a younger age, acting as a protective acute-phase reactant.

Anti-Müllerian hormone and HOMA-IR in different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome on insulin resistance

“…PCOS is a condition that frequently affects women during their reproductive years, which is associated with various symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles, hirsutism, and infertility. 6 Identifying the underlying hormonal and metabolic factors that play a role in the onset and advancement of PCOS is essential for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. 9…”

“…4 The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a commonly employed instrument to evaluate IR in clinical and research settings. 6 The assessment is based on the measurement of fasting glucose and insulin levels and has been shown to correlate well with more invasive measures of IR, such as the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. 7 HOMA-IR has been used to investigate the relationship between IR and various clinical features of PCOS, including hyperandrogenism and menstrual irregularities.…”

“…7 HOMA-IR has been used to investigate the relationship between IR and various clinical features of PCOS, including hyperandrogenism and menstrual irregularities. 6,7 Despite the well-established associations between PCOS, IR, and elevated AMH levels, few studies have explored the link between AMH and HOMA-IR in various PCOS phenotypes. This represents a significant gap in the current literature, as understanding the interplay between these factors may provide valuable insights into the underlying pathophysiology of PCOS and inform the development of more targeted therapeutic interventions.…”

R-Spondin1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome: relationships with insulin resistance and other parameters

“…Infertility refers to failure to conceive after 12 months of regular unprotected sex, and almost 8-12% of couples worldwide suffer from infertility (1). Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine dysfunction in childbearing-age women, which is also the most common cause of anovulatory infertility (~%90) (2,3). PCOS is a multifaceted disease characterized by polycystic ovaries, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and chronic oligo/anovulation (3).…”

A study on the factors affecting polycystic ovary syndrome in young women

“…1,2 Its most important clinical symptoms are menstrual disorders, skin diseases caused by the increase of endogenous hormones such as acne, hirsutism, and hair loss, brown areas on the neck and arms due to insulin resistance, and problems related to pregnancy such as irregular ovulation, infertility, and repeated abortion. 3,4 The effects of this syndrome on the pregnancy process in young women have revealed the importance of research on this disease.…”