Association of insertion/deletion polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene with essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malaysian subjects

Ramachandran, Vasudevan; Ismail, Patimah; Stanslas, Johnson; Shamsudin, Norashikin; Moin, Sarmad; Jas, Rusni Mohd

doi:10.1177/1470320308097499

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The frequency of this genotype among hypertensives in the current study (17.18%) was higher than that found for Malaysian and Bangladeshi individuals (10.76% and 11.40%, respectively); however, a Chinese population had a lower frequency. [27][28][29] The insertion and deletion alleles were significantly related to hypertension in the current study, which correlates with the findings of a similar North Indian study. 15 A positive correlation has been reported between various obesity variables like BMI and WHR, including oxidative stress markers such as reduced erythrocyte glutathione.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Polymorphisms with Body Mass Index among Hypertensive North Indians

Rizvi

Raza

Siddiqi

et al. 2015

SQUMJ

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abstract:Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms with body mass index (BMI) in hypertensive North Indians. Methods: This case-control study was carried out between May 2013 and November 2014 at the Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Lucknow, India, and included 378 subjects divided into three groups. One group constituted 253 hypertensive individuals (sustained diastolic blood pressure of >90 mmHg and systolic blood pressure of >140 mmHg) who were subcategorised according to normal (<25 kg/m 2 ) or high (≥25 kg/m 2 ) BMI. The third group consisted of 125 age-, gender-and ethnically-matched normotensive controls with a normal BMI. Gene polymorphisms were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction. The genotypic and allelic frequency distribution among both groups were analysed. Results: A significant difference was found between GST theta 1-null and GST mu 1-positive genotype frequencies among the hypertensive overweight/obese individuals and controls (P = 0.014 and 0.033, respectively). However, no difference was observed in the frequency of ACE polymorphisms. ACE insertion/insertion genotype (P = 0.006), insertion and deletion alleles (P = 0.007 each) and GST theta 1-null and GST theta 1-positive genotypes (P = 0.006 each) were found to differ significantly between hypertensive cases and controls, regardless of BMI. Conclusion: ACE and GST gene polymorphisms were not associated with BMI but were significantly associated with hypertension among the studied group of North Indians.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Polymorphisms with Body Mass Index among Hypertensive North Indians

Rizvi

Raza

Siddiqi

et al. 2015

SQUMJ

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“…In addition to traditional life-style risk factors, genetic background may also be pivotal in the pathogenesis of type 2 DM (T2DM) and HTN with the important and complex involvement of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphisms in a Saudi Arabian population

2017

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Abstract.The link between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) developing in the Saudi Arabian population remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the ACE I/D gene polymorphism and the risk of developing T2DM and hypertension (HTN) in Saudi Arabian individuals. A total of 220 individuals consisting of 48 control subjects, 70 T2DM, 48 HTN, and 54 T2DM with HTN patients were recruited. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction initially and mistyping of the DD genotypes was conducted with an insertion-specific primer. The genotyping frequency for the II, ID and DD polymorphism of the ACE gene was 6.8, 42.6 and 48.6% in T2DM patients, 4.2, 50 and 45.8% in HTN patients, 5.6, 55.5 and 38.9% in T2DM patients with HTN and 58.3, 37.5 and 4.2% in control subjects, respectively. The frequency for the D allele was 70% in T2DM patients, 70.8% in HTN patients and 66.7% in T2DM patients with HTN as compared with 22.9% in the control subjects. The genotype and allele frequency of the ACE gene polymorphism varied significantly (P<0.05) in the patients when compared with the control subjects. The current study demonstrated that the ID/DD genotype and the D allele of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism were strongly associated with the risk of T2DM and HTN developing in a Saudi Arabian population.

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“…11,12 Several studies in different populations have found that ACE I/D polymorphisms are strongly associated with hypertension, which is a known risk factor for IA. [41][42][43][44] ACE I/D polymorphisms have also been extensively studied in several cardiovascular adult diseases, such as thoracic aortic dissection, 45 ischaemic stroke, 13 coronary heart disease, 14,46 left ventricular hypertrophy 47 and intracerebral haemorrhage. [15][16][17][18][19][20] In conclusion, data from the present study suggest that the ACE DD genotype may be a protective factor against IA in a Chinese population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism and risk of intracranial aneurysm in a Chinese population

Liu

et al. 2013

J Int Med Res

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The relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphisms and intracranial aneurysm (IA) has been studied in Caucasian and Japanese populations. The present study aimed to investigate this association in a Chinese population. Methods: Patients with confirmed IA and age-and sex-matched control subjects without evidence of IA were enrolled. ACE I/D gene polymorphisms were analysed using polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: A total of 220 patients with IA and 220 matched controls were enrolled. In the IA group, 64, 106 and 50 patients were of the II, ID and DD genotypes, respectively, compared with 44, 99 and 77 subjects in the control group. The ACE DD genotype and D allele frequencies were significantly lower in the IA group compared with the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in the site, shape, size and Fisher Grade of aneurysms between genotypes in patients with IA. Conclusion: The ACE DD genotype may be a protective factor for IA in a Chinese population.

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Association of insertion/deletion polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene with essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malaysian subjects

Abstract: The D allele of the ACE gene is associated with essential HTN and T2DM in Malaysian subjects.

Cited by 50 publications

References 25 publications

Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Polymorphisms with Body Mass Index among Hypertensive North Indians

Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Polymorphisms with Body Mass Index among Hypertensive North Indians

Association between risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphisms in a Saudi Arabian population

Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism and risk of intracranial aneurysm in a Chinese population

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