Association of intracellular lipid accumulation in subcutaneous adipocyte precursors and plasma adipokines in bariatric surgery candidates

Abstract

Background The adipocyte expansion is a critical process with implications in the pathogenesis of obesity associated metabolic syndrome. Impaired adipogenesis leads to dysfunctional, hypertrophic adipocytes, local inflammation and peripheric insulin resistance. Methods We assessed the relationship between the adipogenic differentiation capacity of the subcutaneous adipose derived stem cells (ASCs), evaluated by total lipid accumulation, and the metabolic and hormonal profile in a group of obese female patients proposed for bariatric surgery ( N = 20) versus normal weight female controls ( N = 7). Results The lipid accumulation (measured as optical density at 492 nm) of ASCs during their differentiation to adipocytes was significantly lower in ASCs isolated from obese patients as compared to ASCs isolated from normal weight patients (0.49 ± 0.1 vs. 0.71 ± 0.1, p < 0.001). Significant negative correlations between lipid accumulation in adipogenic differentiated ASCs and plasma concentrations of triglycerides ( p < 0.01), insulin ( p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (p < 0.01), adiponectin ( p < 0.05) and leptin/adiponectin ratio ( p < 0.05) were found in obese group. Conclusions In severely obese female patients, the abnormal adipogenesis is related to insulin resistance and leptin/adiponectin ratio. The abnormal lipid accumulation in the mature adipocyte derived from obese ASCs could possible predict the further development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in severely obese patients and influence the selection of patients for bariatric surgery.

Flexible Adipose‐Vascular Tissue Assembly Using Combinational 3D Printing for Volume‐Stable Soft Tissue Reconstruction

“…Specifically, PAD‐encapsulated adECM bioink included the greatest number of intracellular lipid accumulation, indicating the adipogenic differentiation of PADs into mature adipocytes. [ 29 ] Likewise, in vdECM bioink, HUVECs provided an improvement in the formation of vascular structures by vasculogenesis on day 2 compared with the other bioinks. It indicates that vdECM bioink could also provide more favorable and vascular tissue‐like microenvironment.…”

Perspectives on Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis Treatment

“…The factors contributing to the pathophysiology of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis are described above. Due to their intense inflammatory processes, there is an ongoing release of these mediators, which can lead to inappropriate remodeling and fibrosis [50,51]. Although the current data suggest the influence of the thrombotic pro-cess as a precursor of pulmonary and hepatic fibrosis [52,53], no possibilities of therapeutic interventions currently exist due to the difficulty of separation from physiological recovery processes [54,55].…”

Subcritical water extraction of Gracilaria chorda abbreviates lipid accumulation and obesity-induced inflammation

“…It is a significant risk factor for many serious ill-nesses such as heart disease, arthritis, and diabetes (Pi-Sunyer 1993). The critical characteristics of obesity is excessive triglycerides storage in adipose tissue, which is achieved by increase of adipocytes number and size (Hristov et al 2019). Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP1), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) are key activators of adipogenesis and lipogenesis during the differentiation of adipocytes (Sharma et al 2017).…”