Association of Leptin With Obesity and Insulin Resistance

Kumar, Ratan; Mal, Kheraj; Razaq, Muhammad Khalid; Magsi, Mansoor; Memon, Muhammad Qasim; Memon, Sidra; Afroz, Maham Noor; Siddiqui, Humza Faisal; Rizwan, Amber

doi:10.7759/cureus.12178

Cited by 45 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This came in accordance with Ekmen et al (18) who have demonstrated that, the mean leptin levels were significantly higher in the obese group compared to the non-obese group (2.53 ng/mL versus 1.23 ng/mL; p < 0.01). Similarly, Kumar et al (17) demonstrated significantly higher levels of serum leptin in obese patients (51.24 ± 18.12) than non-obese patients (9.10 ± 2.99) with p-value < 0.0001.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Notably, studies have observed that obesity causes high levels of serum leptin, which acts as a proinflammatory cytokine and amplifies the process of insulin resistance (16,17) . This came in accordance with Ekmen et al (18) who have demonstrated that, the mean leptin levels were significantly higher in the obese group compared to the non-obese group (2.53 ng/mL versus 1.23 ng/mL; p < 0.01).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Leptin and Adiponectin in Obese and Non-Obese Patients with Acne Vulgaris

Sallam¹,

Sohafy²,

Salam³

et al. 2021

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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Background: Adipokines are demonstrated to be associated with multiple cutaneous diseases. Leptin is mainly produced by the adipocytes that stem from the obese gene. In addition, it was reported that, secretion of leptin is a response to increased lipid uptake, thus, it might be regarded as a link between improper diet and the development of inflammatory acne. Objective: The aim of the current work was to estimate serum leptin and adiponectin in both obese and non-obese patients with acne vulgaris and to evaluate adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L) rates as a biomarker of insulin resistance and hence their role in pathogenesis of acne vulgaris in correlation with body weight and disease severity. Patients and methods: This prospective case-controlled study included a total of 60 patients with acne vulgaris, attending at the Dermatology, Andrology & STD Outpatient Clinic, Mansoura University Hospitals. Forty healthy subjects matched with the patients in age, sex were included. This study was conducted between April 2019 to January 2020. Results: Cases with acne vulgaris demonstrated significant increase in serum leptin level as well as significant decrease in serum adiponectin level compared to controls. No significant correlation was reported between both serum leptin and adiponectin levels and disease severity. Leptin could be used as reliable predictor in terms of the differentiation between cases of acne vulgaris and controls with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Adiponectin could be used as reliable predictor in terms of the differentiation between cases of acne vulgaris and controls with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris was associated with significant elevation in leptin level, significant reduction in adiponectin level and significant decrease in A/L ratio. Thus, leptin, adiponectin and insulin resistance may be pathogenic cofactors contributing to the development of the disease and could be used as reliable predictors for development of acne vulgaris but not for severity of disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Leptin and Adiponectin in Obese and Non-Obese Patients with Acne Vulgaris

Sallam¹,

Sohafy²,

Salam³

et al. 2021

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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“…It acts as an endocrine signal by reducing appetite and stimulating energy expenditure. The increase in leptin levels in obese patients is associated with the state of leptin resistance [ 71 ]. Thus, leptin acts on the immune system by exerting a pro-inflammatory role.…”

Section: Adipose Tissue Immunomodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation and Treg/Th17 Imbalance in the Impaired Glucose Metabolism of Children with Obesity

et al. 2021

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In the last few decades, obesity has increased dramatically in pediatric patients. Obesity is a chronic disease correlated with systemic inflammation, characterized by the presence of CD4 and CD8 T cell infiltration and modified immune response, which contributes to the development of obesity related diseases and metabolic disorders, including impaired glucose metabolism. In particular, Treg and Th17 cells are dynamically balanced under healthy conditions, but imbalance occurs in inflammatory and pathological states, such as obesity. Some studies demonstrated that peripheral Treg and Th17 cells exhibit increased imbalance with worsening of glucose metabolic dysfunction, already in children with obesity. In this review, we considered the role of adipose tissue immunomodulation and the potential role played by Treg/T17 imbalance on the impaired glucose metabolism in pediatric obesity. In the patient care, immune monitoring could play an important role to define preventive strategies of pediatric metabolic disease treatments.

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“…31 The development of these chronic diseases are associated with obesityassociated complications. 32 In contrast, hypertension is one of the obesity-associated MetS, which is caused by an abnormal secretion of leptin. 33 Increased levels of IL-6, TNF-α and leptin results in dysfunctional epithelial cells, proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and migration of macrophages toward the damaged endothelial cells, which also leads to the development of the cardiovascular risk factors, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Leptin on Chronic Inflammatory Disorders: Insights to Therapeutic Target to Prevent Further Cardiovascular Complication

Dessie¹,

Ayelign²,

Akalu³

et al. 2021

DMSO

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In response to obesity-associated chronic inflammatory disorders, adipose tissue releases a biologically active peptide known as leptin. Leptin activates the secretion of chemical mediators, which contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and psoriasis. Conversely, adiposity and obesity are the major aggravating risk factors in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including type II diabetes mellitus and obesity-associated hypertension. Elevated level of leptin in obesity-associated hypertension causes an increase in the production of aldosterone, which also results in elevation of arterial blood pressure. Hyperleptinemia is associated with the progress of the atherosclerosis through secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, like interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-17, and other cytokines to promote inflammation. The release of those cytokines leads to chronic inflammatory disorders and obesity-associated MetS. Thus, the aberrant leptin level in both MetS and chronic inflammatory disorders also leads to the complication of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Therapeutic target of leptin regarding its pro-inflammatory effect and dysregulated sympathetic nervous system activity may prevent further cardiovascular complication. This review mainly assesses the mechanism of leptin on the pathogenesis and further cardiovascular risk complication of chronic inflammatory disorders.

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Association of Leptin With Obesity and Insulin Resistance

Cited by 45 publications

References 24 publications

Serum Leptin and Adiponectin in Obese and Non-Obese Patients with Acne Vulgaris

Serum Leptin and Adiponectin in Obese and Non-Obese Patients with Acne Vulgaris

Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation and Treg/Th17 Imbalance in the Impaired Glucose Metabolism of Children with Obesity

Effect of Leptin on Chronic Inflammatory Disorders: Insights to Therapeutic Target to Prevent Further Cardiovascular Complication

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