Association of marine PUFAs intakes with cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality in American adult male patients with dyslipidemia: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2016

Abstract

Background Among the studies on the relationship between marine polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and health, few studies have focused on docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and cardiovascular health. And the health effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) were not consistent.Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between different types of marine polyunsaturated fatty acids intakes and cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality in adult U.S. males with dyslipidemia.Methods Adult male with dyslipidemia in the study were screened from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2016. Death outcomes were determined by linking them to National Death Index (NDI) records through 2019. Weighted logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used in the study.Results In the fully adjusted models, participants with the highest tertile of dietary docosapentaenoic acid had lower risks of angina (OR = 0.53, 95%CI: 0.37–0.77), stroke (OR = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.42–0.87), all-cause death (HR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.67–0.92) and CVD-specific death (HR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.55–0.98) than those with the lowest tertile. The risks of cardiovascular disease, all-cause death, and cardiovascular disease-specific death among participants in the highest tertile of EPA and DHA were not significantly different from those in the lowest tertile (p > 0.05).Conclusions Cardiovascular disease risk, all-cause mortality, and CVD mortality were inversely associated with dietary DPA intake but not EPA and DHA intakes in U.S. male participants with dyslipidemia.