Association of paraoxonase activity and atherosclerosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Abstract

Background: The hepatitis B virus is a significant pathogen that causes cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer as a result of the damage it causes to liver cells. Its infection affects more than 400 million people globally. Although there is an effective vaccine and treatment methods, almost 1, 000, 000 people die every year. Objective: To investigate paraoxonase and arylesterase activities along with oxidative status parameters and serum lipid levels, and to find out if there is any increased susceptibility to atherogenesis. Methods: Thirty-four subjects with chronic hepatitis B and 39 healthy subjects as control were enrolled in the study. Age, body mass index and gender, Serum Triglycerides (TG), High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-Density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, serum paraoxonase-1 and arylesterase activities were determined. Oxidative and antioxidative statuses were evaluated by measuring serum-free sulfhydryl groups, lipid hydroperoxide levels, total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index. Results: Serum TG and LDL levels were higher while serum HDL levels were lower in patients with chronic hepatitis B than in controls but the differences did not reach statistical significance. Serum paraoxonase-1 and arylesterase activities, plasma free sulfhydryl groups, and total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in patients than in controls (p=0.018, p=0.005, p<0.001, p=0.037 respectively), while lipid hydroperoxide, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index were significantly higher (for all p<0.001). Conclusion:The diminution in the paraoxonase-1 and arylesterase activities could contribute to the accelerated development of atherosclerosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

The relationship between exposure to hepatitis B virus and increased atherosclerosis-associated morbidity — a meta-analysis

“…Furthermore, a study found that exposure to HBV increases the intima-media thickness [19]. Increased oxidative stress [4] and MPV [5] caused by exposure to HBV mainly affect the early pathological changes seen in atherosclerosis. Meanwhile, studies that showed a positive relationship between HCV infection and increased atherosclerosis-associated disease morbidity mainly used carotid atherosclerosis as the outcome of interest [21].…”

“…The authors then read the full text of all 29 articles, and excluded studies that were not suitable for this meta-analysis. Eleven articles were excluded because they were the incorrect type of articles, such as reviews and workshop summaries; five articles had the wrong methodology (three included patients who had concurrent infection with other pathogens); one article was a cross-sectional study and did not study the relationship between exposure to HBV and atherosclerosis [15]; one article that considered cerebrovascular disease as an outcome included both ischaemic and haemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease [7]; seven articles had the wrong outcomes (they studied the parameters related to atherosclerosis but did not set a threshold to define atherosclerosis) [4][5][6][16][17][18][19]; and one article was a cohort study, but there was no other cohort study to perform the meta-analysis [11]. Finally, we included five eligible studies for the meta-analysis [8-10, 12, 13].…”

“…Thus, determination of the relationship of exposure to HBV with atherosclerosis-associated diseases merits more attention. Moreover, studies have shown that exposure to HBV could promote oxidative stress [4], increase mean platelet volume (MPV) [5], and affect blood lipid levels [6], all of which can increase atherosclerosis risk.…”

Involvement of xanthine oxidase and paraoxonase 1 in the process of oxidative stress in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

“…Studies of liver disease have shown that PON1 can inhibit lipid peroxidation, target inflammation, relieve the progress of liver fibrosis and reduce the degree of liver damage by reducing hepatic oxidative stress (12,13). The activity of PON1 in the serum is decreased significantly when liver damage occurs (14,15).…”

Investigation of the effect of gestational diabetes on fetal cardiac tissue in streptozotocin ınduced in rats

“…The sequentially produced radicals such as brown-colored dianisidinyl radical cation, produced by the hydroxyl radical, are also potent radicals. In this assay, antioxidative effect of the sample against the potent-free radical reactions, which is initiated by the produced hydroxyl radical, is measured 7 . The assay has got excellent precision values which are lower than 3%.…”