Association of Physical Fitness Performance Tests and Anthropometric Indices in Taiwanese Adults

Chen, Po-Hung; Chen, Wei; Wang, Chengwei; Yang, Hye Yeon; Huang, Wan‐Ting; Huang, Han-Pang

doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.583692

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although consistent with previous studies [ 25 , 39 ], a significant linear association between BMI and physical fitness z-score as well as muscular fitness z-score among total, male, and female groups was observed, our results suggested that the relationship between BMI and physical fitness was non-linear with a reverse U-shaped relationship, which was consistent with a previous study by Huang [ 40 ]. Most previous studies reported an inverted J-shaped relationship between BMI and individual physical fitness components as well as physical fitness z-score [ 25 , 39 ]. The difference might be associated with a higher prevalence of underweight individuals in this study, which may better reveal the association between BMI and physical fitness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Association between Body Mass Index and Muscular Fitness in Chinese College Freshmen

Sun

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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(1) Background: The present study aimed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and muscular fitness in Chinese college freshmen. (2) Methods: A total of 6425 college freshmen in mainland China were recruited. BMI was classified as underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5~23.9 kg/m2), overweight (24~27.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥28 kg/m2), according to the Working Group on Obesity in China. Health-related physical fitness components including cardiorespiratory fitness, lower body explosive power, upper body muscular endurance, abdominal muscular endurance, flexibility, and vital capacity were assessed. Physical fitness index and muscular fitness index were calculated, respectively, as the sum score of the standardized values (z-score) of the corresponding components. Three regression models were used to evaluate the potential associations: a linear regression model, a polynomial regression model, and a restricted cubic spline regression model. Adjust R square was used to compare among models. (3) Results: Significant differences were observed among different BMI categories in nearly all physical fitness components as well as physical fitness z-score and muscular fitness z-score (p < 0.001), regardless of gender. Significant linear associations were found between BMI and physical fitness z-score as well as muscular fitness z-score among total, male, and female groups (p < 0.05). However, the restricted cubic spline regression model showed a better fitting effect (adjust R2 was 7.9%, 11.2%, and 4.8% in total, male, and female for physical fitness and 7.7%, 15.7%, and 4.0%, for muscular fitness, respectively), compared with the linear and polynomial regression models, presented by a higher adjusted R2. Restricted cubic splines analysis showed that BMI value and physical fitness z-score showed a non-linear relationship with an approximate inverted U curve in all groups, while an approximate reversed J-shaped association was observed between BMI and muscular fitness z-score in all groups. (4) Conclusions: The present study showed a nonlinear negative relationship between BMI and physical fitness with underweight and overweight/obese college freshmen having poorer physical fitness and muscular fitness than their normal BMI peers, which may provide useful evidence to the development of public health recommendations and encourage the health management of young adults. Future studies should further explore the relationship between BMI and muscular fitness with multi-centered large sample size studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Association between Body Mass Index and Muscular Fitness in Chinese College Freshmen

Sun

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…It is also worth mentioning, that in some studies it has been suggested, that increased values of WHR, as well as waist circumference, are associated with a decrease in physical activity (Chen et al, 2020; Lockie et al, 2020). Considering the secular increase in the tendency towards central allocation of fat tissue observed in the present study, a reduction in physical fitness may also be expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular changes in the waist, hips circumferences and selected associated indicators, among preschool children from Kraków (Poland), between 1983 and 2018

Kryst

Żegleń

Kowal

et al. 2022

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives Waist circumference and derived indicators are great for measuring the risk of abdominal obesity. The main aim of the study was to assess the changes in the waist, hips circumferences and selected associated indicators, among preschool children (3–7 years of age) from Kraków, Poland, between 1983, 2008 and 2018. Methods The research was conducted in randomly selected kindergarten in Krakow (Poland). The 1983 cohort consisted of 1414 children and the 2008 and 2018 series included 1050 preschoolers each. Analyzed characteristics included waist and hip circumferences, body height, waist‐to‐hips ratio (WHR) and waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR). Results There was a negative secular trend regarding circumferences of the hips and waist, as well as WHtR. In girls, WHR was, the greatest in the 2018 cohort, while among boys there was a secular increase in the value of this parameter compared to the 2008 cohort, but not to the 1983 series. Conclusions The coexistence of currently noted trends with the previously described secular decrease in the prevalence of overweight/obesity and increase in trunk adiposity in the same population, suggests that WHR is preferable to body mass index in assessing the risk associated with excess adiposity in the population examined in the presented study.

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“…From an evolutionary perspective, physical fitness has important implications in terms of resisting potential threat and harm ( Visconti et al, 2018 ). Previous work has shown that higher physical fitness is linked to a decreased risk of physical pain ( Xiang et al, 2018 ; Chen et al, 2020 ), and an antecedent to empathy toward another person is the perception or awareness that the person is in need of help ( Bershad et al, 2018 ). Thus, people with more attractive dark-skinned faces may be perceived as having better physical fitness and being less susceptible to painful feelings; thus, empathic responses to their pain may be inhibited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Color and Attractiveness Modulate Empathy for Pain: An Event-Related Potential Study

Yang

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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Although racial in-group bias in empathy for pain has been reported, empathic responses to others’ pain may be influenced by other characteristics besides race. To explore whether skin color and attractiveness modulate empathy for pain, we recorded 24 participants’ reactions to painful faces from racial in-group members with different skin color (fair, wheatish, or dark) and attractiveness (more or less attractive) using event-related potentials (ERPs). Results showed that, for more attractive painful faces, dark skin faces were judged as less painful and elicited smaller N2 amplitudes than fair- and wheatish-skinned faces. However, for less attractive faces, there were no significant differences among the three skin colors. Our findings suggest that empathy for pain toward racial in-group members may be influenced by skin color and attractiveness.

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Association of Physical Fitness Performance Tests and Anthropometric Indices in Taiwanese Adults

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

The Association between Body Mass Index and Muscular Fitness in Chinese College Freshmen

The Association between Body Mass Index and Muscular Fitness in Chinese College Freshmen

Secular changes in the waist, hips circumferences and selected associated indicators, among preschool children from Kraków (Poland), between 1983 and 2018

Skin Color and Attractiveness Modulate Empathy for Pain: An Event-Related Potential Study

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