Association of plasma fatty acid composition with plasma irisin levels in normal weight and overweight/obese children

BioMed Research International

Silva-Platas

Torres‐Quintanilla

et al. 2017

The correlations between irisin levels, physical activity, and anthropometric measurements have been extensively described in adults with considerable controversy, but little evidence about these relationships has been found in children. The objective of this study is to correlate the plasma levels of irisin in underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese children with anthropometric parameters and physical activity levels. A cross-sample of 40 children was divided into the following groups on the basis of body mass index (BMI) percentile. The correlations of plasma irisin levels with physical activity, anthropometric, and metabolic measurements were determined. Plasma irisin levels (ng/mL) were lower for the underweight group (164.2 ± 5.95) than for the normal weight and obese groups (182.8 ± 5.58; p < 0.05). Irisin levels correlated positively with BMI percentile (0.387), waist circumference (0.373), and fat-free mass (0.353; p < 0.05), but not with body muscle mass (−0.027). After a multiple linear regression analysis, only BMI percentile (0.564; p < 0.008) showed a positive correlation with irisin. Our results indicated no association with metabolic parameters. A negative correlation with physical activity was observed. Interrelationships among body components might influence irisin levels in children.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Association of Irisin Plasma Levels with Anthropometric Parameters in Children with Underweight, Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obesity

BioMed Research International

Silva-Platas

Torres‐Quintanilla

et al. 2017

“…Despite, we previously reported that irisin plasma concentrations increased in children about obesity (10 children per group) with a positive correlation to the BMI percentile [14], and other reports showed an association between higher levels of irisin and an unhealthier FA profile [59]. In the present study, in a larger population, we observed that decreased irisin concentrations were associated with obesity but not with the FA profile since lower levels of irisin were associated with obesity even in the children with MUO that showed the worst FA profile.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Integrative Analysis of Lipid Profiles in Plasma Allows Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Clustering in Children with Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity

Castillo

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Hernández-Brenes

et al. 2020

Hypertension, central obesity, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia are key risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, the specific factors contributing to the development of unfavorable cardiometabolic characteristics in children with obesity are unknown. In this study, we investigated the cross-sectional relationships between cytokines, irisin, and fatty acid (FA) composition in plasma in school-age children with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity (MHO and MUO, respectively) of the same age and body mass index and waist circumference percentiles. We compared the data with that of children with normal weight (NW). We found that inflammatory cytokines and low irisin plasma concentrations are associated with obesity but not with cardiometabolic risk (CMR). Lipid profiles showed that children with MUO have a distinctive FA profile compared with children with MHO and NW, whereas children with MHO shared 88% of the FA profile with the NW group. Among all FAs, concentration of myristic acid (14 : 0), arachidic acid (20 : 0), and n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) was higher in children with MHO, whereas n-6 PUFAs such as arachidonic acid (20 : 4n6) had a significant contribution in defining MUO. These data suggest that the plasma FA profile is not only a central link to obesity but also may act as an indicator of CMR presence.

“…Additionally, higher proportions of oleic acid, adrenic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid in plasma were associated with higher plasma irisin levels among overweight/obese children, which suggests that irisin is directly associated with increased activity of elongation and desaturation steps following the desaturation of linoleic acid. A possible association between plasma irisin and delta-6-desaturase activity in plasma cholesteryl esters was also found [31], which has previously been reported to be associated with insulin-resistant states [32]. Excess body fat could modulate these relationships through fatty acid-mediated cross-talk between metabolically active tissues.…”

Section: Association Of Circulating Irisin With Cardiovascular Andmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship of Circulating Irisin with Body Composition, Physical Activity, and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders in the Pediatric Population

Mendoza-Lara

Gutierrez-DelBosque

et al. 2018

IJMS

Exercise-induced irisin, a recently discovered myokine, has been linked to insulin resistance, obesity, and other diseases in adults; however, information in children is scarce and contradictory. We analyzed the limited evidence of irisin’s effects in children and adolescents, and its association with body composition, exercise training, cardiovascular risk factors, and metabolic diseases, as well as the results of dietetic interventions. Both positive and negative correlations between irisin concentrations and body mass index, fat mass, fat-free mass, and other anthropometric parameters were found. Likewise, contradictory evidence was shown associating irisin plasma levels with cardiovascular and metabolic parameters such as glucose, insulin resistance, and cholesterol and other lipid and fatty acid plasma levels in healthy children, as well as in those with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Gender, puberty, and hormonal differences were also examined. Furthermore, important contradictory findings according to the type and duration of exercise and of dietetic interventions in healthy and unhealthy subjects were demonstrated. In addition, correlations between mother–infant relations and circulating irisin were also identified. This review discusses the potential role of irisin in health and disease in the pediatric population.