Association of Polygenic Variants with Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Their Interaction with Lifestyles in Asians

Hur, Haeng Jeon; Yang, Hye Jeong; Kim, Min Jung; Lee, Kyun-Hee; Kim, Myung-Sunny; Park, Sunmin

doi:10.3390/nu14153222

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The committee of KoGES designed and validated a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) that included 103 foods commonly consumed by Koreans ( 18 ). It estimated the usual Korean daily food intake during the last 6 months.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SQFFQ requested information regarding the consumption frequency and amounts of 103 food items with assigned serving sizes. The results were converted into the quantity of intake of 23 nutrients using the computer-aided nutritional analysis program 3.0 developed by the Korean Nutrition Society (KNS) (18). The 103 food items and alcohol were categorized into 29 precombined food groups and used as independent variables in a PCA to find the optimal number of diet factors.…”

Section: Daily Nutrient Intake and Dietary Pattern Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inverse association of a traditional Korean diet composed of a multigrain rice-containing meal with fruits and nuts with metabolic syndrome risk: The KoGES

et al. 2022

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BackgroundHansik, a traditional Korean diet, may have a beneficial impact on metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk as dietary westernization increases its prevalence. We examined the hypothesis that adherence to the hansik diet may be inversely associated with the risk of MetS and its components and sought to understand the gender differences in 58,701 men and women aged over 40.Materials and methodsHansik was defined using 14 components from which the Korean dietary pattern index (Kdiet-index) was generated by summing their scores. Low-hansik intake was defined as the Kdiet-index with <8. MetS was categorized based on the 2005 revised NCEP-ATP III criteria modified for Asians.ResultsThe Kdiet-index score was negatively associated with the dietary inflammation index and showed that the high intake of a meal with multigrain rice, fruits, and their products, and nuts, and low intake of fried foods were inversely associated with MetS by 0.707, 0.864, 0.769, and 0.918 times, respectively, after adjusting for covariates. More women and participants with more educated and lower income belonged to the high-hansik group, and participants with high self-rated health scores consumed more hansik. All participants on a high-hansik diet were associated with a 0.87 time lower risk of MetS. Specifically, the association between hansik intake and MetS risk was not significant among men following stratification by gender. Body composition, including the body mass index, waist circumference, and fat mass, was inversely associated with hansik intake, while the skeletal muscle mass index was positively associated with the hansik intake in each gender and all participants. In all the participants in the high-hansik group, no significant changes were seen in the serum glucose and HDL concentration. However, a high-hansik intake showed lower blood pressure and serum LDL and triglyceride concentrations only in men and a higher glomerular filtration rate in both genders.ConclusionsHansik intake might improve MetS risk, with its primary beneficial effects on body composition, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure gender-dependently.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Daily Nutrient Intake and Dietary Pattern Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inverse association of a traditional Korean diet composed of a multigrain rice-containing meal with fruits and nuts with metabolic syndrome risk: The KoGES

et al. 2022

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“…Diabetes mellitus type 2 evolves through different mechanisms (oxidative stress produced by chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, polygenic defects, environmental trigger factors, etc.) [ 2 ] and requires specific treatment approaches. Numerous researchers studied the effects of different natural extracts ( Aloe vera , Zingiber officinale , Tabernaemontana divaricata , etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Cornus mas L. Fruit Extract on the Aorta Wall in Rats with a High-Fat Diet and Experimental-Induced Diabetes Mellitus—An Imaging Study

et al. 2023

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Diabetes mellitus and high-fat diets trigger the mechanisms that alter the walls of blood vessels. Gold nanoparticles, as new pharmaceutical drug delivery systems, may be used in the treatment of different diseases. In our study, the aorta was investigated via imaging after the oral administration of gold nanoparticles functionalized with bioactive compounds derived from Cornus mas fruit extract (AuNPsCM) in rats with a high-fat diet and diabetes mellitus. Sprague Dawley female rats that received a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 months were injected with streptozotocin to develop diabetes mellitus (DM). The rats were randomly allocated into five groups and were treated, for one additional month with HFD, with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), insulin, pioglitazone, AuNPsCM solution or with Cornus mas L. extract solution. The aorta imaging investigation consisted of echography, magnetic resonance imaging and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Compared to the rats that received only CMC, the oral administration of AuNPsCM produced significant increases in aorta volume and significant decreases in blood flow velocity, with ultrastructural disorganization of the aorta wall. The oral administration of AuNPsCM altered the aorta wall with effects on the blood flow.

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“…T2DM incidence rises when insulin resistance increases [ 1 ]. Since Asians have traditionally consumed a low-fat diet with multigrain rice and vegetables, they have been non-obese and insulin-sensitive in the past [ 2 ]. They were thus at low risk of T2DM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Bacterial Community and Metagenome Function in Asians with Type 2 Diabetes, According to Enterotypes

Park

2022

Biomedicines

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The role of gut microbes has been suggested in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) risk. However, their results remain controversial. We hypothesized that Asians with T2DM had different fecal bacterial compositions, co-abundance networks, and metagenome functions compared to healthy individuals, according to enterotypes. This hypothesis was examined using the combined gut microbiota data from human fecal samples from previous studies. The human fecal bacterial FASTA/Q files from 36 different T2DM studies in Asians were combined (healthy, n = 3378; T2DM, n = 551), and operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and their counts were obtained using qiime2 tools. In the machine learning approaches, fecal bacteria rich in T2DM were found. They were separated into two enterotypes, Lachnospiraceae (ET-L) and Prevotellaceae (ET-P). The Shannon and Chao1 indices, representing α-diversity, were significantly lower in the T2DM group compared to the healthy group in ET-L (p < 0.05) but not in ET-P. In the Shapley additive explanations analysis of ET-L, Escherichia fergusonii, Collinsella aerofaciens, Streptococcus vestibularis, and Bifidobacterium longum were higher (p < 0.001), while Phocaeicola vulgatus, Bacteroides uniformis, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were lower in the T2DM group than in the healthy group (p < 0.00005). In ET-P, Escherichia fergusonii, Megasphaera elsdenii, and Oscillibacter valericigenes were higher, and Bacteroides koreensis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were lower in the T2DM group than in the healthy group. In ET-L and ET-P, bacteria in the healthy and T2DM groups positively interacted with each other within each group (p < 0.0001) but negatively interacted between the T2DM and healthy groups in the network analysis (p < 0.0001). In the metagenome functions of the fecal bacteria, the gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, and amino acid metabolism pathways were higher, whereas insulin signaling and adenosine 5′ monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways were lower in the T2DM group than in the healthy group for both enterotypes (p < 0.00005). In conclusion, Asians with T2DM exhibited gut dysbiosis, potentially linked to intestinal permeability and the enteric vagus nervous system.

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Association of Polygenic Variants with Type 2 Diabetes Risk and Their Interaction with Lifestyles in Asians

Cited by 21 publications

References 52 publications

Inverse association of a traditional Korean diet composed of a multigrain rice-containing meal with fruits and nuts with metabolic syndrome risk: The KoGES

Inverse association of a traditional Korean diet composed of a multigrain rice-containing meal with fruits and nuts with metabolic syndrome risk: The KoGES

Effects of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Cornus mas L. Fruit Extract on the Aorta Wall in Rats with a High-Fat Diet and Experimental-Induced Diabetes Mellitus—An Imaging Study

Fecal Bacterial Community and Metagenome Function in Asians with Type 2 Diabetes, According to Enterotypes

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