Association of Poor Mental-Health Days With COVID-19 Infection Rates in the U.S.

Ransome, Yusuf; Luan, Hui; Song, Insang; Fiellin, David A.; Galea, Sandro

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2021.08.032

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…One in six (14.5%) individuals in the current study experienced poor mental health (>14 days) with a mean of 4.5 ± 8.7 days within a 30-day timeframe. These findings are consistent with other observational studies [ 33 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Large disease outbreaks are associated with increased mental health problems due to social disconnection through enforcement of stay-at-home orders, isolation, and unemployment [ 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Socioeconomic Deprivation, Sleep Duration, and Mental Health during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Griggs

Davey

Howard

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a rapid and sustained negative impact on sleep and mental health in the United States with disproportionate morbidity and mortality among socioeconomically deprived populations. We used multivariable and logistic regression to evaluate the associations among sleep duration, mental health, and socioeconomic deprivation (social deprivation index) in 14,676 Ohio residents from 1101 zip code tabulation areas from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. Higher socioeconomic deprivation was associated with shorter sleep and poorer mental health after adjusting for covariates (age, sex, race, education, income, and body mass index) in the multivariable linear regression models. Those in the highest socioeconomically deprived areas had 1.6 and 1.5 times higher odds of short sleep (duration < 6 h) and poor mental health (>14 poor mental health days), respectively, in the logistic regression models. Previous researchers have focused on limited socio-environmental factors such as crowding and income. We examined the role of a composite area based measure of socioeconomic deprivation in sleep duration and mental health during the first year of COVID-19. Our results suggest the need for a broader framework to understand the associations among socioeconomic deprivation, sleep duration, and mental health during a catastrophic event.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Socioeconomic Deprivation, Sleep Duration, and Mental Health during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Griggs

Davey

Howard

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…We also found that increases in reported and estimated cases and deaths, and COVID-19 infection in the household were associated with poorer mental health. Prior studies in the US have also documented associations between reported cases and worse mental health outcomes, however, these studies did not compare associations for reported versus estimated infections [47,48]. In our study, the association between COVID-19 deaths and mental health was stronger in urban areas, where mass open-air funeral pyres and higher population density may have magnified fear and awareness of potential negative consequences of COVID-19 [49].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Trajectories and correlates of poor mental health in India over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: a nation-wide survey

Nichols,

Petrosyan,

Khobragade

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had large impacts on mental health; however, most existing evidence is focused on the initial lockdown period and high-income contexts. By assessing trajectories of mental health symptoms in India over two years, we aim to understand the effect of later time periods and pandemic characteristics on mental health in a lower-middle income context. Methods: We used data from the Real-Time Insights of COVID-19 in India (RTI COVID-India) cohort study (N=3,662). We used covariate-adjusted linear regression models with generalized estimating equations to assess associations between mental health (PHQ-4 score) and pandemic periods as well as pandemic characteristics (COVID-19 cases and deaths, government stringency, self-reported financial impact, COVID-19 infection in the household) and explored effect modification by age, gender, and rural/urban residence. Results: Mental health symptoms dropped immediately following the lockdown period but rose again during the delta and omicron waves. Associations between mental health and later pandemic stages were stronger for adults 45 years of age and older (p<0.001). PHQ-4 scores were significantly and independently associated with all pandemic characteristics considered, including estimated COVID-19 deaths (PHQ-4 difference of 0.041 SD units; 95% Confidence Interval 0.030 - 0.053), government stringency index (0.060 SD units; 0.048 - 0.072), self-reported major financial impacts (0.45 SD units; 0.41-0.49), and COVID-19 infection in the household (0.11 SD units; 0.07-0.16). Conclusion: While the lockdown period and associated financial stress had the largest mental health impacts on Indian adults, the effects of the pandemic on mental health persisted over time, especially among middle-age and older adults. Results highlight the importance of investments in mental health supports and services to address the consequences of cyclical waves of infections and disease burden due to COVID-19 or other emerging pandemics.

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“…The strengths of the current study include controlling for COVID-19 infection rates in the multivariate regression model and the statistical approach. Infection rates have been reported to be associated with mental health during the current COVID-19 pandemic 39 yet many of the prior studies examining the role of healthy lifestyle behaviors on mental health neglect to account for this confounding factor. 21 , 22 Our multivariate analysis allowed us to minimize type I error while being able to simultaneously compare healthy lifestyle behaviors for feelings of anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 37 , 38 The models controlled for infection rates since a recent study reported that COVID-19 infection rates were associated with mental health during the current COVID-19 pandemic. 39 A second regression model was computed with lifestyle behaviors (PA, sitting time, and diet) added to examine the added effects of these variables on anxiety and depression. The observed power for each model reported in the results was computed using a T-family test based on sample size, number of predictors and observed R 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of grit and healthy lifestyle behaviors on anxiety and depression in US adults at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional study

Toczko

Merrigan

Boolani

et al. 2022

Health Promot Perspect

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic altered lifestyles and impacted mental health of many adults. Engaging in physical activity, avoiding prolonged sitting, and consuming a healthy diet improve mental health. The current study investigated the association between health-related lifestyle behaviors on feelings of anxiety and depression in adults during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Adults (n=796) living in the United States completed an internet-based survey in Spring 2020 that included validated survey instruments for moods, physical activity, sitting and dietary behaviors. Multivariate multiple regression models were used to assess the association between health-related lifestyle behaviors and feelings of anxiety and depression. Results: A majority (70.7%; 95% CI: [0.607, 0.807]) of participants met physical activity (PA) guidelines, 43.7% (95% CI: [0.287, 0.587]) sat for ≥ 8 hours per day, and 87.7% (95% CI [0.807, 0.947]) ate a healthy diet. Our final models explained 6.2% and 9.8% of the variance in anxiety and depression, respectively. Vigorous PA (anxiety: B=-0.111, 95% CI: [-0.171,0.000]; depression: B=-0.111, 95% CI: [-0.186,-0.037]) and dietary behaviors (anxiety: B=-0.112, 95% CI: [-0.180,-0.444]; depression: B=-0.112, 95% CI: [-0.213,-0.076]) were associated with reduced feelings of anxiety and depression while sitting time (anxiety: B=0.119, 95% CI: [0.000,0.199]; depression: B=0.119, 95% CI: [0.199,0.199]) were associated with greater feelings of anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Engaging in vigorous physically activity, reducing sitting time, and consuming a healthy diet was associated with reduced feelings of anxiety and depression during the early part of the pandemic. The aforementioned modifiable lifestyle behaviors are independent of each other suggesting improvements in one behavior may improve feelings of anxiety and depression.

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Association of Poor Mental-Health Days With COVID-19 Infection Rates in the U.S.

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Socioeconomic Deprivation, Sleep Duration, and Mental Health during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Socioeconomic Deprivation, Sleep Duration, and Mental Health during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Trajectories and correlates of poor mental health in India over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: a nation-wide survey

Influence of grit and healthy lifestyle behaviors on anxiety and depression in US adults at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional study

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