Association of public versus private health care utilization and prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

Abstract

The prevalence of Trichomonas spp. was low and stable in both populations in the 4 years, indicating an equilibrium in terms of numbers of this agent in Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. The results corroborate the hypothesis that SES may influence the epidemiology of trichomoniasis. The prevalence of the infection increases with age, a phenomenon not observed with other sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhoea or Chlamydia trachomatis.

<i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> and <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> Prevalence, Incidence and Associated Factors in Pregnant Adolescents from Belém City, in the Brazilian Amazon

“…Prevalence of TV in the current study is inferior to two former investigations on pregnant adolescents in the United States, however both of them used DNA-amplification methods for detecting TV, that was already demonstrated to yield higher TV-positivity when compared to culture [3] [10] [26]. Few data on TV infection are available from Brazilian studies, but the current prevalence of 4.0% is higher to those reported in pregnant adults, low-risk non-pregnant woman, while it is similar to the rate previously found in HIV-positive women from Amazon region (4.1%) [11] [27]- [29].…”

Evaluation of Association between Vaginal Infections and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types in Female Sex Workers in Spain

“…One hypothesis is that the parasite can act as a potential catalyst in the development of secondary infections, including HR-HPV, by producing a wide array of enzymes such as cysteine proteinase enzymes that are linked with cytotoxicity and the degradation of basement membrane components. Furthermore, some studies have shown that the double-stranded RNA of T. vaginalis is also associated with differential expression of enzymes and may therefore affect virulence [35–39]. Therefore, it is also possible that T. vaginalis could alter the natural history of various sexually transmitted diseases and, in particular, HR-HPV, by increasing virulence.…”

Factors associated with Trichomonas vaginalis infection in reproductive-aged women attending cervical screening in southeast of Brazil

“…The prevalence found here was similar to observed in other studies in Brazil and worldwide. 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 Additionally, sociocultural characteristics should also be considered as different across different populations. 36…”