Association of Race and Gender With HIV-1 RNA Levels and Immunologic Progression

Anastos, Kathryn; Gange, Stephen J.; Lau, Bryan; Weiser, Barbara; Detels, Roger; Giorgi, Janis V.; Margolick, Joseph B.; Cohen, Mardge H.; Phair, John P.; Melnick, Sandra; Rinaldo, Charles R.; Kovács, Andrea; Levine, Alexandra M.; Landesman, Sheldon; Young, Mary; Muñoz, Álvaro; Greenblatt, Ruth M.

doi:10.1097/00042560-200007010-00004

Cited by 56 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In addition, about 90% of our patients were Caucasian individuals from Spain, minimizing also the possible interactions of racial or ethnic factors on the medical care and course of HIV infection (Anastos et al, 2000;Hellinger & Fleishman, 2001), and the variability of educational patterns in different countries. In addition, all patients were treated with HAART and were attending specialised HIV clinics, both aspects provided cost-free in our country, reducing therefore the variability in access to medical care reported in other countries (Dray-Spira & Lert, 2003;Davidson et al, 1998;Fleishman et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the patients’ educational levels on socioeconomic, clinical, immunological and virological endpoints

et al. 2009

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the patients’ educational levels on socioeconomic, clinical, immunological and virological endpoints

et al. 2009

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“…Mixed results have been reported regarding whether males or females have higher antibody response; therefore, this should be explored further. [13][14][15] Multiple studies have provided evidence that race/ethnicity and SES affect health markers (eg, CD4 count and viral load) among patients living with HIV/AIDS. Whether these variables affect vaccine response is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of CD4 Count in Immunity Development After Hepatitis A and B Vaccination Among HIV-Infected Patients: Kentucky, 2002-2007

Armstrong

Bush

Collins

et al. 2010

Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS

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Purpose: To determine whether lower prevaccination CD4 counts decrease odds of immune development against hepatitis A virus/hepatitis B virus (HAV/HBV) among patients who receive the vaccine and examine the relationship between vaccine response and sex, race/ethnicity, health insurance status, tobacco use, substance abuse, or comorbidities. Methods: This study was performed among patients who received the standard dose for HAV and/or HBV vaccine. Results: Among 76 HIVinfected patients, immunity development to HAV or HBV increased as CD4 counts increased. In addition, males had greater vaccine response than females. Whites were observed to have higher rates of immunity than other races/ethnicities. Patients with private insurance had greater vaccine response than those with Medicaid, Medicare, or no insurance. Patients not experiencing hypertension and hyperlipidemia developed immunity more often than patients with these comorbidities. Substance abuse and tobacco use were also associated with lower vaccine response. Conclusions: Higher CD4 counts improved likelihood of patients developing an antibody response after vaccination.

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“…Some studies have found higher CD4 cell counts in women (36,37); other found higher CD4 cell counts in men (38), and still others found similar values in both sexes (39,40). It has also been reported that there are greater declines in CD4 cell counts in women (41) or no differences with men (42), as well as greater increases in CD4 cell counts following HAART in women (43) 3 ) in female which is in agreement with the higher CD4 cell counts observed in previous studies (36,37,45).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Immunological and clinical progress of HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in north west Ethiopia

Wabe¹,

Alemu²

2012

Gaziantep Med J

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The survival benefits of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV infected patients have been studied well in the developed world. In resource poor settings like Ethiopia such treatment was started only in 2003. As a result, the existing treatment guidelines and recommendations are based on data from the developed world. The objective of this study was to determine the immunological and clinical progress in HIV/AIDS patients in one year data review of patients' card who initiated on HAART in Ethiopia. A retrospective cohort study was done based on past medical records of HIV/AIDS patients, using a structured data collection format. All patient cards of one year data with patients who initiated HAART from October 1, 2006 to November 30, 2007 were included in the study. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS for window version 16.0. The majority of the study population (383, 64.2%) were prescribed zidovudine/lamivudine/neverapine (ZDV/3TC/NVP) regimen initially. Overall functional status change showed that ability to work was increased by 31.5%, being ambulatory decreased by 93.4% and bedridden status decreased by 80%. A total of 240 (46.9%) patients have showed functional status improvement. Average mean weight change of 5.9 kg (increment by 11.9%) was seen during a one year follow-up. The patients showed immunological change from 132.883 mean CD4/mm 3 count to 335.87 mean CD4/mm 3 . About 492 (82.4%) patients present with different type of opportunistic infections (OIs) at start of therapy which dramatically dropped to only 40 (6.7%) patient after one year of receiving HAART. HAART initiation has decreased progression of the diseases and improved the patients' quality of life. Most patients have showed a significant increment in their CD4 count. The restoration of CD4 in turn has improved the clinical status of most patients. Despite the significant progression of health of patients, greater immunological and clinical success should be attained by encouraging patients for effective use of those lifesaving drugs with maximal adherence. 2) başlangıçta zidovudin/lamivudin/neverapin (ZDV/3TC/NVP) tedavisi verilmişti. Genelde fonksiyonel durum değişimi, çalışma yeteneğinin %31.5 arttığını, ayakta tedavi edilmenin %93.4 azaldığını, yatağa bağlı kalma durumunun %80 azaldığını gösterdi. Toplam 240 hasta fonksiyonel durum düzelmesi gösterdi. Bir yıllık izleme sırasında 5.9 kg ortalama ağırlık değişimi (%11.9 artma) gözlendi. Hastalar ortalama 132.883 CD4/mm 3 sayımından ortalama 335.87 CD4/mm 3 'e immünolojik değişim gösterdi. Tedavinin başlamasında farklı tipte fırsatçı enfeksiyonu bulunan yaklaşık 492 (%82.4) hasta, HAART tedavisi başlamasından bir yıl sonra dramatik olarak sadece 40'a (%6.7) düştü. HAART tedavisi başlanması hastalığın ilerlemesini azalttı ve hastaların yaşam kalitesini iyileştirdi. Hastaların çoğu CD4 sayılarında anlamlı artışlar gösterdi. CD4'deki düzelme birçok hastanın klinik durumunu iyileştirdi. Hastaların sağlığındaki anlamlı iyileşmeye karşın, hayat kurtaran bu ilaçlara d...

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Association of Race and Gender With HIV-1 RNA Levels and Immunologic Progression

Cited by 56 publications

References 38 publications

The influence of the patients’ educational levels on socioeconomic, clinical, immunological and virological endpoints

The influence of the patients’ educational levels on socioeconomic, clinical, immunological and virological endpoints

Role of CD4 Count in Immunity Development After Hepatitis A and B Vaccination Among HIV-Infected Patients: Kentucky, 2002-2007

Immunological and clinical progress of HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in north west Ethiopia

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