Association of seed and agronomic traits with isoflavone levels in soybean

Abstract

. 2009. Association of seed and agronomic traits with isoflavone levels in soybean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 477Á484. Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., seeds contain isoflavones, compounds with potential human health benefits. This study investigated the association of seed and agronomic traits with isoflavone level in a genetically diverse group of soybean genotypes to provide more information for cultivar development. F 4:7 lines derived from several crosses were grown in four locations in 2005 and six locations in 2006 across Ontario and Quebec. Seed protein, oil and isoflavone contents were measured using near-infrared reflectance (NIR) on a plot basis. Seed yield was determined at 13% moisture and days to maturity (R8) were recorded. GGE genotype-bytrait biplots were generated to describe the relationships among all variables. Isoflavone content was not correlated with yield, indicating that potential exists for development of high or low isoflavone cultivars without sacrificing yield. Isoflavone content was negatively correlated with protein content, however high isoflavone lines were identified with moderate protein content. Isoflavone content was correlated with maturity suggesting that delayed planting and/or the use of later maturing varieties could be a successful strategy to increase isoflavone content. The results of this study support the potential for the development of either high or low isoflavone soybean cultivars with acceptable agronomic and seed quality traits.Key words: Soybean, isoflavone, protein, oil, yield, maturity Murphy, S. E., Lee, E. A., Woodrow, L., Seguin, P., Kumar, J., Rajcan, I. et Ablett, G. R. 2009. Relation des caracte`res grainiers et agronomiques avec la concentration d'isoflavones chez le soja. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 477Á484. Les graines du soja, Glycine max (L.) Merr., contiennent des isoflavones, compose´susceptible d'avoir des effets be´ne´fiques sur la sante´. L'e´tude examinait les liens qui existent entre la concentration d'isoflavones et les caracte`res grainiers et agronomiques dans un groupe de varie´te´s de soja ge´ne´tiquement varie´, dans le but de fournir plus d'informations en vue de cre´er de nouveaux cultivars. Les ligne´es F 4:7 issues de plusieurs croisements ont e´te´cultive´es a`quatre endroits en Ontario et au Que´bec, en 2005, et a`six, en 2006. La teneur en prote´ines, en huile et en isoflavones des graines a e´te´e´tablie par re´flectance dans le proche infrarouge, dans les parcelles. Le rendement grainier a e´te´mesure´a`13 % de teneur en eau et on a enregistre´le nombre de jours jusqu'a`maturite´(R8). L'analyse GGE par double projection du ge´notype et des caracte`res a permis de de´crire les liens entre les variables. La concentration d'isoflavones n'est pas corre´le´e au rendement, signe qu'on pourrait cre´er des cultivars a`faible ou a`forte concentration d'isoflavones sans que le rendement en souffre. La concentration d'isoflavones pre´sente une corre´lation ne´gative avec la teneur en prote´ines, mais les ligne´es produisant beaucoup d'isoflav...

Improving Seed Quality of Soybean Suitable for Growing in Europe

“…As a quantitative trait controlled by many minor genes [192], isoflavone content in soybean seed largely depends on the environment [185,[193][194][195], to the extent that even the smallest changes in the microclimate can cause significant changes in the isoflavone contents. For example, it is reported that lower temperatures during the seed fill period increase the isoflavone content, whereas environments which were warmer and drier resulted in lower isoflavone contents [196][197][198][199]. In 76 environments during 12 years, Carrera and Dardanelli [200] found a 91% decrease in total isoflavone content with mean temperatures during the seed development rising from 14.1 to 26.7°C.…”

“…Nevertheless, isoflavone broad-sense heritability was estimated to range from moderate [207] to high [192], indicating that genotype effects were high enough to enable efficient improvement of isoflavone contents [194,208]. The predominance of genotype effects over environmental was confirmed by Gutierrez-Gonzalez et al [192], Murphy et al [199] and Hoeck et al [206]. Successful high-isoflavone cultivar development necessitates investigating the relationships between isoflavones and other important traits.…”

“…For example, total isoflavone (TI) content was reported to be in a positive [204,205,209,210] and negative [211] correlation with seed yield, but the lack of interrelationship has also been reported [199,212], which suggests that the development of high-yield, high-isoflavone cultivars would be possible. The relationship between isoflavone content and each oil and protein content was reported to be negative [194,199,205,209,2011], but no correlation between isoflavones and proteins was reported as well [212]. Conflicting reports on the relationships between total seed isoflavone content and other traits necessitate the need for studies including a wide range of genetic material grown across a range of environments to provide additional insight into the associations [199].…”

“…The relationship between isoflavone content and each oil and protein content was reported to be negative [194,199,205,209,2011], but no correlation between isoflavones and proteins was reported as well [212]. Conflicting reports on the relationships between total seed isoflavone content and other traits necessitate the need for studies including a wide range of genetic material grown across a range of environments to provide additional insight into the associations [199].…”

“…Gutierrez-Gonzales et al [192] reported of extremely wide content range (12.4-317.4 mg 100 −1 g DM) for TI determined in the population of RILs in the USA. Murphy et al [199] determined 160-370 mg 100 −1 g range for TI content in RIL population tested in 2-year, multilocation trials in Canada, while Adie et al [194] Although breeding of isoflavone content at the Agricultural Institute Osijek is at its beginnings, some shifts in the right direction have been made which can be seen from the higher average isoflavone contents in elite breeding lines than in standard cultivars of the same MG (Table 4). In Matoša Kočar et al [195] study, genistein was the most abundant isoflavone component, followed by daidzein and glycitein.…”