Association of sociodemographic profile, dyslipidemias, and obesity in smoker, former smoker, and nonsmoker patients with coronary artery disease

Background Smoking cessation practices enable health professionals to identify lifestyle of their patients as an initial step to achieve predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM). In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the smoking habit and health-promoting behavior of patients who planned to quit smoking. Methods In this descriptive study, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) was implemented to current smokers admitted to smoking cessation outpatient clinics of two tertiary hospitals. Patients without any comorbidities were included. Sociodemographic variables, Fagerström dependency test, and smoking habit were recorded. Descriptive and analytical statistical evaluations were performed. Results A total of 200 patients, 134 men (67%) and 66 women (33%) with a mean age of 34.49 ± 8.82, were included to the study. Among them, 90 (45%) were white collar, and 110 (55%) were blue-collar workers. Patients with BMI ≥ 25 were 126 (63%); Fagerström test score median was 7. Packages per year, dependency scores, the age the patients started smoking, and cigarettes smoked per day inversely correlated with health-promoting behavior. Our patients had high scores in spiritual growth and interpersonal relationships and had low scores in physical activity and stress management. Health-promoting behavior, health responsibility, self-actualization, and interpersonal relationships were less favorable in blue-collar workers than white-collar workers. Conclusions Smoking behavior affects especially physical activity and stress management in the study population preparing for smoking cessation. Health-promoting activities in smokers are influenced by occupation as well as dependency levels and smoking habits. Differences exist among white and blue-collar workers in health-promoting behavior. Defining and screening multiple health risk behavior in smokers empower predictive measures and targeted preventive medicine, such as maintaining healthy nutrition and leaving sedentary lifestyle along with efforts to quit smoking. Awareness about health-promoting behavior and thus identifying smokers who need lifestyle interventions can provide and attenuate a holistic and personalized approach in preventive medicine.

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Determining health-promoting behavior in smokers preparing to quit: a holistic and personalized approach

Kafadar

Esen

Arıca

2019

EPMA Journal

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Mediating effects of lipids on the association between smoking and coronary artery disease risk among Chinese

Song

Guan

et al. 2020

Lipids Health Dis

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Objective: The mechanism between smoking and coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. It is likely that lipid (including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)) have been functioning as one of the mediators between smoking and the CAD occurrence. The study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of lipid on the relationship between smoking and CAD risk. Methods: The case-control study included 2048 subjects. General linear regression analysis was used to corroborate the association between smoking and lipid levels. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to reveal the relationship between smoking, lipid and the risk of CAD. Mediation analysis was used to investigate whether the association between smoking and CAD risk was mediated by lipid. Results: Smoking was found to be associated with the risk of CAD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-1.71, P = 0.019). Regression analysis showed that TG, TC and HDL-C were associated with CAD (OR = 2.69, 95%CI: 2.12-3.40, P < 0.001; OR = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.29-0.43, P < 0.001; OR = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.30-0.47, P < 0.001). Moreover, the ratio of TG to HDL-C (TG/HDL-C) was also related to CAD (OR = 4.45, 95%CI: 3.52-5.64, P < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that among the effects of smoking on CAD, 17.52% was mediated by lipid, in which HDL-C accounted for 11.16% and TG accounted for 6.36%. Further analysis showed that the effect was also partially mediated by TG/HDL-C, which was accounted for 28%. Conclusions: Lipid plays a partial mediation on the association between smoking and CAD risk. The study provides a clue on the mediation effect of lipids on the relationship between smoking and CAD risks, which is a novel insight to the progression of CAD.

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Association of sociodemographic profile, dyslipidemias, and obesity in smoker, former smoker, and nonsmoker patients with coronary artery disease

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Determining health-promoting behavior in smokers preparing to quit: a holistic and personalized approach

Determining health-promoting behavior in smokers preparing to quit: a holistic and personalized approach

Mediating effects of lipids on the association between smoking and coronary artery disease risk among Chinese

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