Association of Staphylococcus aureus genotypes with milk or colonization of extramammary sites in Dutch dairy cattle indicates strain variation in reservoirs for intramammary infections

Exel, Catharina E.; Gerritsen, Kim; Spaninks, Mirlin; Duim, Birgitta; Koop, Gerrit; Benedictus, Lindert

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.12.010

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This is evidence that colonization is dynamic and that the moment of sampling can influence the prevalence of colonization. Interestingly, all these studies found colonization prevalence of the nares in goats that were higher than those reported for dairy cattle [4][5][6][7][8]10]. The differences in colonization prevalence of the nares between cows and goats could be caused by housing and climate conditions, particularly dust concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The samples were collected and processed as previously described [10]. In short, the composite milk samples were collected aseptically from lactating goats.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten microliters of milk were inoculated on Columbia agar plates supplemented with 5% sheep blood (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ USA) and incubated for 22-24 h at 37 • C. The following extramammary sites were swabbed using a sterile viscose swab (Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany): hock skin (one leg, cleanest hock, hocks were checked for lesions and only hocks without lesions were sampled), groin (the swab was inserted between the hindleg and udder), udder skin (skin of the cleft between the left and right half of the udder), nares (the first 2 to 3 cm of the nasal cavity, rubbed circumferentially) and vulva (the labia were parted and the mucosa was gently swabbed). The extramammary sites were chosen based on previous research on goats and cattle that showed that these sites can be colonized with S. aureus [5,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. For the sampling of the udder skin, the cleft of the udder was sampled, as it is distant from the teats and less likely to be contaminated by S. aureus from milk.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Control measures aimed at preventing contagious transmission are not always effective in eradicating S. aureus IMI from dairy cattle herds [3]. In cattle, there is evidence that extramammary site colonization could be a reservoir for IMI [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Additionally, in cows different S. aureus genotypes were shown to be associated with colonization of either extramammary sites, milk (IMI) or both sites [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cattle, there is evidence that extramammary site colonization could be a reservoir for IMI [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Additionally, in cows different S. aureus genotypes were shown to be associated with colonization of either extramammary sites, milk (IMI) or both sites [10,11]. In goats, several extramammary sites can be colonized by S. aureus, including teat skin, the vulva and the nares [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colonization of Extramammary Sites with Mastitis-Associated S. aureus Strains in Dairy Goats

et al. 2023

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a major mastitis pathogen in dairy goats, is classified as a contagious pathogen. Although previous research has shown that extramammary body sites can be colonized with S. aureus, it is unknown whether these sites are reservoirs for intramammary infections. The aim of this research was to determine whether extramammary sites can be colonized with mastitis-associated S. aureus strains in dairy goats. Milk samples were collected from 207 primiparous goats and from 120 of these goats, extramammary site samples (hock, groin, nares, vulva and udder) were collected from a large commercial dairy goat herd in the Netherlands during four sampling visits. Extramammary site swabs and milk samples were (selectively) cultured and S. aureus isolates were spa genotyped. The prevalence of colonization of the extramammary sites at goat level was 51.7% and the prevalence of S. aureus intramammary infections was 7.2%. The nares were colonized most frequently (45%), while the groin area was colonized the least (2.5%). Six spa genotypes were identified in this herd and there was no significant difference in the distribution of spa genotypes between the milk or the extramammary sites (p = 0.141). Both in the extramammary sites and in the milk, spa genotypes t544 (82.3% and 53.3%) and t1236 (22.6% and 33.3%) were the dominant genotypes. These results show that in goats, extramammary sites, particularly the nares, are frequently colonized with mastitis-associated S. aureus strains. Extramammary sites may, thus, be a source of S. aureus intramammary infections that are not targeted by the intervention measures aimed at preventing transmission from infected udder glands.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The samples were collected and processed as previously described [10]. In short, the composite milk samples were collected aseptically from lactating goats.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colonization of Extramammary Sites with Mastitis-Associated S. aureus Strains in Dairy Goats

et al. 2023

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Bactériologie de mammites : quelle place pour le laboratoire d’analyses ?

Lequeux¹

2022

Le Nouveau Praticien Vét élevages & santé

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Au laboratoire, les outils de diagnostic étiologique d’une infection mammaire chez les bovins reposent encore principalement sur la culture et l’identification bactérienne, d’autant plus avec l’apport important de la technologie Maldi-TOF pour l’identification bactérienne ces dernières années. L’identification par Maldi-TOF permet une détermination rapide, facile et fiable des espèces bactériennes isolées et ouvre également des perspectives en termes de caractérisation bactérienne. L’approche par PCR, disponible depuis une dizaine d’années, permet notamment d’améliorer la sensibilité de la détection, mais constitue une méthode plus sensible aux contaminations et d’interprétation parfois plus délicate que la culture bactérienne. Les outils de séquençage, plus facilement accessibles dorénavant, ouvrent également des perspectives intéressantes. La détermination de la sensibilité aux antibiotiques des pathogènes mammaires, bien que limitée dans ses indications, reste un outil indispensable au praticien dans sa prise de décision de thérapeutique antibiotique. La mise en œuvre de certaines de ces méthodes est envisageable en clinique vétérinaire, mais d’autres (Maldi-TOF, séquençage) resteront probablement réservées quasi-exclusivement au domaine du laboratoire d’analyses. Les approches PCR seront probablement amenées à pouvoir se déployer en ESV dans un avenir proche compte-tenu des nouvelles technologies à présent disponibles.

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Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nares of ruminants

Loncaric,

Keinprecht,

Irimaso

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims To examine the diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nasal swabs of ruminants in Rwanda. Methods and results A total of 454 nasal swabs from 203 cows, 170 goats, and 81 sheep were examined for the presence of S. aureus, and 30 S. aureus isolates were detected and characterized pheno- and genotypically. Resistance to penicillin and/or tetracycline was observed. The isolates were assigned to eight different spa types (t21057 (novel), t10103, t18853, t20842, t318, t355, t458, and t9432) belonging to six clonal complexes (CCs) (CC152, CC30, CC3591, CC3666, CC522, and CC97). Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes (lukF-PV/lukS-PV), the bovine leukocidin genes (lukM/lukF-P83), and the human and bovine variants of the toxic shock syndrome toxin gene tst-1 variants were detected. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that the nares of ruminants in Rwanda are colonized with mastitis-associated S. aureus, including lineages that are also carried by humans, underscoring the zoonotic risk, especially for livestock keepers. These results highlight the crucial importance of hygiene measures when handling livestock.

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Association of Staphylococcus aureus genotypes with milk or colonization of extramammary sites in Dutch dairy cattle indicates strain variation in reservoirs for intramammary infections

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Colonization of Extramammary Sites with Mastitis-Associated S. aureus Strains in Dairy Goats

Colonization of Extramammary Sites with Mastitis-Associated S. aureus Strains in Dairy Goats

Bactériologie de mammites : quelle place pour le laboratoire d’analyses ?

Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nares of ruminants

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