Associations between muscle morphology and spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy

Peeters, Nicky; Hanssen, Britta; Bar‐On, Lynn; Groote, Friedl De; Beukelaer, Nathalie De; Coremans, Marjan; Broeck, Christine Van den; Dan, Bernard; Campenhout, Anja Van; Desloovere, Kaat

doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.01.007

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In children with CP muscle morphology and motor control are often altered compared to TD children, i.e. shorter muscle belly, muscle spasticity, decreased muscle volume and strength (Hanssen et al, 2021;Peeters et al, 2023). Assessment of individuals' muscle properties, e.g.…”

Section: Figure 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra- and inter-subject variability of femoral growth plate stresses in typically developing children and children with cerebral palsy

Köller

Gonçalves²,

Baca³

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Little is known about the influence of mechanical loading on growth plate stresses and femoral growth. A multi-scale workflow based on musculoskeletal simulations and mechanobiological finite element (FE) analysis can be used to estimate growth plate loading and femoral growth trends. Personalizing the model in this workflow is time-consuming and therefore previous studies included small sample sizes (N < 4) or generic finite element models. The aim of this study was to develop a semi-automated toolbox to perform this workflow and to quantify intra-subject variability in growth plate stresses in 13 typically developing (TD) children and 12 children with cerebral palsy (CP). Additionally, we investigated the influence of the musculoskeletal model and the chosen material properties on the simulation results. Intra-subject variability in growth plate stresses was higher in cerebral palsy than in typically developing children. The highest osteogenic index (OI) was observed in the posterior region in 62% of the TD femurs while in children with CP the lateral region was the most common (50%). A representative reference osteogenic index distribution heatmap generated from data of 26 TD children’s femurs showed a ring shape with low values in the center region and high values at the border of the growth plate. Our simulation results can be used as reference values for further investigations. Furthermore, the code of the developed GP-Tool (“Growth Prediction-Tool”) is freely available on GitHub (https://github.com/WilliKoller/GP-Tool) to enable peers to conduct mechanobiological growth studies with larger sample sizes to improve our understanding of femoral growth and to support clinical decision making in the near future.

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Section: Figure 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra- and inter-subject variability of femoral growth plate stresses in typically developing children and children with cerebral palsy

Köller

Gonçalves²,

Baca³

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…These abnormal alternations of muscle architecture are associated with altered muscle growth 25 . Besides, some muscle architecture alterations, such as the decreased volume of medial gastrocnemius and semitendinosus and the shorter medial gastrocnemius, can be more noticeable during low‐velocity stretches 26 . Numerous interventions (e.g., physiotherapy, casting, botulinum toxin treatment, and surgery) have been developed and applied to treat the affected limb muscles in these patients 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 Besides, some muscle architecture alterations, such as the decreased volume of medial gastrocnemius and semitendinosus and the shorter medial gastrocnemius, can be more noticeable during low-velocity stretches. 26 Numerous interventions (e.g., physiotherapy, casting, botulinum toxin treatment, and surgery) have been developed and applied to treat the affected limb muscles in these patients. 27 To facilitate the evidencebased decision-making on treatment efficiency and potential adjustment of the treatment protocol, it is important to understand the changes of the affected muscle both externally and internally.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and validity of assessing lower‐limb muscle architecture of patients with cerebral palsy (CP) using ultrasound: A systematic review

Liu

Ling

et al. 2023

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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AimsTo investigate the reliability, validity, and level of evidence of applying ultrasound in assessing the lower‐limb muscles of patients with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodPublications in Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched on May 10, 2023, to identify and examine relevant studies investigating the reliability/validity of ultrasound in evaluating the architecture of CP lower‐limb muscles systematically, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis 2020 guidelines.ResultsOut of 897 records, 9 publications with 111 CP participants aged 3.8–17.0 years were included (8 focused on intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability, 2 focused on validity, and 4 were with high quality). The ultrasound‐based measurements of muscle thickness (intra‐rater only), muscle length, cross‐sectional area, muscle volume, fascicle length, and pennation angle showed high reliability, with the majority of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values being larger than 0.9. Moderate‐to‐good correlations between ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging measurements existed in muscle thickness and cross‐sectional area (0.62 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.82).InterpretationGenerally, ultrasound has high reliability and validity in evaluating the CP muscle architecture, but this is mainly supported by moderate and limited levels of evidence. More high‐quality future studies are needed.

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ESMAC Best Paper Award 2023: Increased knee flexion in participants with cerebral palsy results in altered stresses at the distal femoral growth plate compared to a typically developing cohort

Koller,

Wallnöfer,

Holder

et al. 2024

Gait & Posture

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Associations between muscle morphology and spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Intra- and inter-subject variability of femoral growth plate stresses in typically developing children and children with cerebral palsy

Intra- and inter-subject variability of femoral growth plate stresses in typically developing children and children with cerebral palsy

Reliability and validity of assessing lower‐limb muscle architecture of patients with cerebral palsy (CP) using ultrasound: A systematic review

ESMAC Best Paper Award 2023: Increased knee flexion in participants with cerebral palsy results in altered stresses at the distal femoral growth plate compared to a typically developing cohort

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