Associations between serum uric acid levels and the incidence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome: a 4-year follow-up study of a large screened cohort in Okinawa, Japan

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and the incidences of hypertension and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a large screened cohort of Japanese men and women. We evaluated 4812 subjects (males, 2528; females, 2284; mean age, 47.5 years) who underwent health checkups between 2006 and 2010 and were free of hypertension and MetS in 2006. After 4 years, 618 (13%), 764 (16%) and 158 (3%) subjects developed hypertension, MetS and hypertension with MetS, respectively. Increased SUA levels were significantly and positively associated with the incidences of hypertension, MetS and hypertension with MetS. Compared with the first quartile of SUA levels, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the third and fourth quartiles, respectively, were as follows: 1.5 (1.1-2.1; P = 0.0128) and 1.8 (1.2-2.5; P = 0.0022) for hypertension, 1.3 (0.9-1.9; P = 0.1910) and 1.8 (1.2-2.7; P = 0.0039) for MetS and 2.7 (1.1-6.6; P = 0.0276) and 3.2 (1.3-8.0; P = 0.0115) for hypertension with MetS. In conclusion, increased SUA levels were significantly and independently associated with the incidences of hypertension and MetS in subjects without hypertension or MetS at baseline. Increased SUA levels might also be correlated with the incidence of hypertension with MetS.

The association between the serum levels of uric acid and alanine aminotransferase in a population‐based cohort

“…Obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemia are all recognized risk factors for NAFLD (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44). Similarly, an association between elevated serum uric acid levels and the prevalence or incidence of the metabolic syndrome or its features such as hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity was repeatedly demonstrated in several studies (12,13,(45)(46)(47). However, it is presently not clear whether the association between uric acid and NAFLD is independent of obesity and metabolic profile.…”

Association between mean platelet volume and hypertension incidence

“…Other factors such as glucose, total cholesterol, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, 31 uric acid, 32 smoking, body mass index and triglycerides 33 were also selected for inclusion in the fully adjusted model that considered these factors correlated with blood pressure levels in former studies but that were not included in the list of covariates. These factors were included into the fully adjusted model but did not distinctly alter the association of elevated MPV and the increased risk of hypertension.…”

Effect of losartan combined with amlodipine or with a thiazide on uric acid levels in hypertensive patients

“…In fact, several epidemiological studies have shown that hyperuricemia is associated with hypertension, cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome [Nagahama et al 2015]. Approximately 25% of patients with hypertension have hyperuricemia, while approximately 30% of patients with hyperuricemia or gout suffer hypertension [Nishida et al 2013].…”