Associations Between Viral and Bacterial Potential Pathogens in the Nasopharynx of Children With and Without Respiratory Symptoms

Skevaki, Chrysanthi; Tsialta, Paraskevi; Trochoutsou, Aikaterini; Logotheti, I.; Makrinioti, Heidi; Taka, Styliani; Lebessi, Evangelia; Paraskakis, I.; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Τσολιά, Μαρία

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000000872

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, Yu et al reported that bacterial colonization following viral infection has no effect on clinical manifestation of ARIs [32]. Furthermore, the role of bacterial pathogens in ARI symptoms is ambiguous as recent studies of asymptomatic ARI cases reported frequent bacterial colonization [33] and our study also found comparable detection rates of S . pneumoniae in both asymptomatic and symptomatic children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under-5 children in hospital settings in Dhaka city

Bhuyan¹,

Hossain²,

Sarker³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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The study aimed to examine for the first time the spectra of viral and bacterial pathogens along with the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacteria in under-5 children with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in hospital settings of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Nasal swabs were collected from 200 under-five children hospitalized with clinical signs of ARIs. Nasal swabs from 30 asymptomatic children were also collected. Screening of viral pathogens targeted ten respiratory viruses using RT-qPCR. Bacterial pathogens were identified by bacteriological culture methods and antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined following CLSI guidelines. About 82.5% (n = 165) of specimens were positive for pathogens. Of 165 infected cases, 3% (n = 6) had only single bacterial pathogens, whereas 43.5% (n = 87) cases had only single viral pathogens. The remaining 36% (n = 72) cases had coinfections. In symptomatic cases, human rhinovirus was detected as the predominant virus (31.5%), followed by RSV (31%), HMPV (13%), HBoV (11%), HPIV-3 (10.5%), and adenovirus (7%). Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated bacterial pathogen (9%), whereas Klebsiella pneumaniae, Streptococcus spp., Enterobacter agglomerans, and Haemophilus influenzae were 5.5%, 5%, 2%, and 1.5%, respectively. Of 15 multidrug-resistant bacteria, a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate and an Enterobacter agglomerans isolate exhibited resistance against more than 10 different antibiotics. Both ARI incidence and predominant pathogen detection rates were higher during post-monsoon and winter, peaking in September. Pathogen detection rates and coinfection incidence in less than 1-year group were significantly higher (P = 0.0034 and 0.049, respectively) than in 1–5 years age group. Pathogen detection rate (43%) in asymptomatic cases was significantly lower compared to symptomatic group (P<0.0001). Human rhinovirus, HPIV-3, adenovirus, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Klebsiella pneumaniae had significant involvement in coinfections with P values of 0.0001, 0.009 and 0.0001, 0.0001 and 0.001 respectively. Further investigations are required to better understand the clinical roles of the isolated pathogens and their seasonality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under-5 children in hospital settings in Dhaka city

Bhuyan¹,

Hossain²,

Sarker³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Moreover, patients often present an increasing proportion of pathogenic bacteria. 42 From the current data alone, it is not clear whether the differences in the bacterial community are secondary to Plasmodium infection or factors facilitating the infection in mosquitos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

16S Metagenomic Comparison of Plasmodium falciparum–Infected and Noninfected Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus Microbiota from Senegal

Basséne

Niang

Fénollar

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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In the context of the pre-elimination of malaria, biological control may provide an alternative or additional tool to current malaria control strategies. During their various stages of development, mosquitoes undergo subsequent changes in their associated microbiota, depending on their environment and nutritional status. Although Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Anopheles funestus are the two major malaria vectors in Senegal, the composition of their microbiota is not yet well known. In this study, we explored the microbiota of mosquitoes naturally infected or not by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) using the 16S ribosomal RNA gene-based bacterial metagenomic approach. In both vector species, the microbiota was more diverse in Pf-infected samples than in the noninfected ones, although the total number of reads appeared to be higher in noninfected mosquitoes. Overall, the microbiota was different between the two vector species. Noteworthy, the bacterial microbiota was significantly different between Pf-positive and Pf-negative groups whatever the species, but was similar between individuals of the same infection status within a species. Overall, the phylum of Proteobacteria was the most predominant in both species, with bacteria of the genus Burkholderia outweighing the others in noninfected vectors. The presence of some specific bacterial species such as Asaia bogorensis, Enterobacter cloacae, Burkholderia fungorum, and Burkholderia cepacia was also observed in Pf-free samples only. These preliminary observations pave the way for further characterization of the mosquito microbiota to select promising bacterial candidates for potential use in an innovative approach to controlling malaria and overcoming the challenges to achieving a malaria-free world.

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“…One hundred nanograms of RNA was reverse‐transcribed using Superscript II and random hexamers (InVitrogen), according to the manufacturer's instructions. Polymerase chain reactions were performed using conditions of reaction and primers as described before …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymerase chain reactions were performed using conditions of reaction and primers as described before. 16,17 The whole population (1207 samples) was tested for IFV, while 590 randomly selected samples (~300 per year) were tested for RV.…”

Section: Virologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinction between rhinovirus‐induced acute asthma and asthma‐augmented influenza infection

Guibas

Τσολιά

Christodoulou

et al. 2018

Clin Experimental Allergy

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In children with respiratory symptoms and/or fever, RV but not IFV is associated with wheeze and an asthma-like presentation. In those with an asthma history, IFV causes more generalised and severe disease that may be better described as "asthma-augmented influenza" rather than an "asthma attack." Differences in the acute conditions caused by these viruses should be considered in the design of epidemiological studies.

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Associations Between Viral and Bacterial Potential Pathogens in the Nasopharynx of Children With and Without Respiratory Symptoms

Abstract: Viruses are associated with different NP bacterial colonization patterns. Observed pathogens' associations may play a role in disease, and continuous surveillance is required to follow possible effects of interventions such as vaccines.

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under-5 children in hospital settings in Dhaka city

Bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under-5 children in hospital settings in Dhaka city

16S Metagenomic Comparison of Plasmodium falciparum–Infected and Noninfected Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus Microbiota from Senegal

Distinction between rhinovirus‐induced acute asthma and asthma‐augmented influenza infection

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