Associations of cognitive reserve and psychological resilience with cognitive functioning in subjects with cerebral white matter hyperintensities

Abstract

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Synergistic associations of cognitive and motor impairments with functional outcome in covert cerebral small vessel disease

“…The raw scores were converted into comparable domain scores based on the present sample instead of normative data. In addition to age and sex, all our analyses were controlled for education, which is an important indicator of individual cognitive reserve [22].…”

“…In total, 152 subjects with WMH were enrolled in the Helsinki Small Vessel Disease Study, a prospective cohort study investigating the imaging, clinical and cognitive characteristics of cerebral SVD. Subjects who had recently undergone brain scanning for one reason or another (listed in Table 1) were recruited from the imaging registry of the Helsinki University Hospital, Finland in 2016–2020 [22].…”

“…Atrial fibrillation, n (%) 17(11) Current smoking, n (%) 10(7)Subjective walking difficulties, n (%) 42(28) Falls during the last 12 months, n (%) 33(22) SPPB score ≤10, n (%) 42(29) MoCA score ≤25, n (%)45 (30) MRI findings WMH Fazekas score, no/mild/moderate/ severe, n 14/76/42/20 Chronic small infarct, n (%) 11 (7%) WMH volume, ml a , mean, SD 10.5 (13.8) Gray matter volume, ml a , mean, SD 538.5 (30.0) Abbreviations: MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery; WMH, white matter hyperintensities. a Normalized for intracranial volume.…”

Effects of cognitive reserve proxies on cognitive function and frontoparietal control network in subjects with white matter hyperintensities: A cross‐sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study

“…Cognitive reserve is a theoretical concept that explains the individual differences in maintaining cognitive function in the face of brain pathology. First, greater CR appears to be associated with better cognitive performance in WMH subjects 6,8,9 . Second, CR may act as a moderator between the burden of WMH and cognitive performance.…”

Neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated with exacerbated cognitive impairment in covert cerebral small vessel disease

“…The study protocol has been described in detail previously. 14,15 Briefly, the study included subjects who had recently undergone a brain scanning due to transient ischemic attack (26%), dizziness (18%), headache/migraine (10%), subjective cognitive complaints (4%), visual symptoms (11%), fall (7%), syncope (3%), or other reasons (20%). The subjects were recruited from the imaging registry of the Helsinki University Hospital in Finland between October 2016 and March 2020.…”