Effects of cognitive reserve proxies on cognitive function and frontoparietal control network in subjects with white matter hyperintensities: A cross‐sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Abstract

Aims This study aimed to analyze the potential association between cognition reserve (CR) components, including education, working activity, and leisure time activity, and cognitive function in subjects with white matter hyperintensities (WMH). The study also explored the role of the frontoparietal control network (FPCN) in such association. Methods White matter hyperintensities subjects with and without cognitive impairment (CI) were evaluated with multimodal magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological testing, and CR survey. FPCN patterns were assessed with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seed‐based functional connectivity analysis. Results Education was positively associated with cognitive function in WMH subjects with or without CI, whereas working activity and leisure time activity were positively associated with cognitive function only in those without CI. Similarly, education was associated with bilateral FPCN in both WMH groups, whereas working activity and leisure time activity were associated with bilateral FPCN mainly in the group without CI. Furthermore, FPCN partially mediated the association between education and cognitive function in both WMH groups. Conclusion Education showed a positive impact on cognitive function in WMH subjects regardless of their cognitive status, whereas working activity and leisure time activity exhibited beneficial effects only in those without CI. The FPCN mediated the beneficial effect of education on cognitive function.

Outcome of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Technique on Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI): Meta-Analysis

“…Twenty-one studies [22,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][36][37]40,[42][43][44][45][46][47] recorded number of subjects that underwent education. The results discovered a significant difference between the control (n = 793) and VCI (n = 651).…”

“…Higher MMSE scores show better mental capability's score of 24 following educational correction is suggested for patients with VCI [49]. Twenty studies [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][37][38][39][40]44,46,47] collected MMSE scores. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups.…”

“…Higher MoCA score represents good cognitive function and a cut off of 26 following education is need for people with cognitive disorders. The MOCA score was recorded in sixteen studies [23,24,27,30,31,33,37,39,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. The metaanalysis showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups.…”

Small vessel disease and cognitive reserve oppositely modulate global network redundancy and cognitive function: A study in middle‐to‐old aged community participants

“…Understanding how SVD and CR collectively influence the brain network is pivotal in preventing cognitive impairment. Existing studies have effectively examined the focal frontoparietal control network backbones (Chen et al, 2022; Ye et al, 2022). However, they may not comprehensively capture the collective network effect of SVD and CR.…”

Motor network reorganization after motor imagery training in stroke patients with moderate to severe upper limb impairment

“…Error bars indicate standard deviation, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. CON, control group; M-UL, Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Limb; MIT, motor imagery training groupEmerging neuroimaging studies have identified neuroimaging biomarkers of functional recovery in stroke patients [39][40][41]. Using multimodal neuroimaging approaches, recent discoveries have revealed brain responses to interventions targeting motor function, including brain atrophy alleviation,42 selective disruption of sensorimotor circuits,43,44 different cortical recruitment patterns,9 and intrinsic brain network reorganization 33.…”