Asthma and allergic diseases are not risk factors for hospitalization in children with coronavirus disease 2019

Beken, Burçin; Öztürk, Gökçen Kartal; Aygün, Fatma Deniz; Aydoğmuş, Çiğdem; Akar, Himmet Haluk

doi:10.1016/j.anai.2021.01.018

Cited by 36 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Because COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, certain diseases (such as congenital heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and some primary immune deficiency diseases) have been identified as a potential risk factor for COVID-19 [ 8 ]. However, asthma has not been generally thought as a specific risk factor for severe COVID-19 development [ 9 – 11 ]. While some meta-analyses reported almost no data related to asthma patients, some others reported that asthma was thought to be associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality in hospitals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-Related Pneumonia in an Adolescent Patient with Allergic Asthma

Özdemir

Engin

Yılmaz

2021

Case Reports in Medicine

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Background. The latest coronavirus infection due to SARS-CoV-2, which started in China in December 2019, was announced as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. All epidemiological data so far show us that SARS-CoV-2 infection is less serious in children than in adults. Allergic asthma, the most common chronic disease in children, is usually not to be related to greater risk or severity for COVID-19 in pediatric populations. Although reports/research on asthma and COVID-19 in children have thus far been comforting, when coming across an asthma patient with any lower airway infection, attention should be given to evaluate their asthma control level and the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case Report. Here, we report a rare adolescent case of COVID-19-related pneumonia development with underlying asthma. A 16-year-old male patient has been followed up by the pediatric allergy outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of asthma for the last 5 years. He was thought to have typical clinical and laboratory findings for SARS-CoV-2 infection combined with underlying pediatric (allergic) asthma. Pulmonary CT showed findings consistent with COVID-19-related pneumonia. He was discharged after 1 week when all his complaints regressed, his examination became normal, and 5-day favipiravir treatment was completed. Conclusion. When a physician comes across an asthma patient with any lower airway infection, attention should be given to evaluate their asthma control level and possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-Related Pneumonia in an Adolescent Patient with Allergic Asthma

Özdemir

Engin

Yılmaz

2021

Case Reports in Medicine

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“…To date, the relationship between AAD and the severity and mortality of COVID-19 was controversial. There were 3 studies involving with AR impact on the course of COVID-19, and the pooled estimates showed that AR was not associated with the severity of COVID-19 [ 14 , 42 , 43 ]. The pooled estimates of 32 studies involving with asthma impact on COVID-19 indicated no significant association between asthma and the severity of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there were more evidences that patients with severe asthma did not exacerbate the severity of COVID-19 [14,18,23,[45][46][47][48][49]. The severe asthma would not increase the risk of COVID-19 infection and severity [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of comorbid allergic airway disease on the severity and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wei

Zuo

Han

et al. 2021

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Purpose To analyze the impact of AAD on the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients and compare clinical outcomes between patients with and without AAD. Methods In the systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science for studies reporting allergic rhinitis, asthma prevalence in COVID-19 patients and compared clinical outcomes, and excluded duplicate publications, reviews, comments, single or few cases reports (< 100 cases). We determined the pooled effect estimates using random effect model. Results Thirty-four studies (345,091) were finally included for the meta-analysis. On the basis of 32 studies (337,821) involving with the severity of COVID-19, we did not find significant association between AAD and the severity of COVID-19 ( p = 0.35, OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.90–1.35). Subgroup analysis indicated there was no the variability in the prevalence of AAD among COVID-19 patients in different study designs, disease categories, countries, the definition of severity, and population size of AAD . Based on 21 studies (306,331) involving with the mortality of COVID-19, AAD was significantly associated with the decreased mortality of COVID-19 ( p < 0.05, OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70–0.99). The subgroup analysis showed AAD was not associated with the mortality of COVID-19 in different countries or regions. Based on the population size of AAD, we found AAD within 100 cases was not associated with the mortality of COVID-19 ( p = 0.63, OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.65–2.03). Moreover, study design was possible heterogeneity source as the heterogeneity I 2 was reduced to 0 in prospective studies. Conclusion The preexisting AAD was not inclined to deteriorate the course of COVID-19. The prevalence of AAD was not associated with the severity of COVD-19 patients and inclined to be significantly associated with the decreased mortality risk of COVID-19. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00405-021-07072-1.

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“…Unlike the few studies that demonstrated asthma to be a risk factor, many studies revealed that asthma in children is not a risk factor for COVID-19. 8 12 13 14 Various theories have been put forward to explain this. Some mechanisms proposed to explain the milder course of COVID-19 in children with asthma are as follows: 1) Th2-mediated inflammation results in a decrease in the expression levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) genes, which mediate the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells, 2) eosinophilic inflammation reduces the viral load in respiratory cells, and 3) the use of inhaled corticosteroids in children with asthma downregulates the expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents with Asthma

et al. 2021

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Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting people at any age and there is limited information about the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on quality of life (QoL) in adolescents with asthma. In the present study, it was aimed to assess the attitudes of adolescents with asthma toward the COVID-19 pandemic and determine the effects of the pandemic on their QoL. Methods In total, 125 adolescents with asthma and 98 healthy adolescents participated in the present study. The questionnaire form consisted of three parts. In the first part, all the participants were asked whether they complied with the protective measures against COVID-19. The second part included questions for measuring the participants’ level of concern about COVID-19, while the third part consisted of EUROHIS-QOL 8. Results The patient and control groups were similar in terms of the female/male ratio (55/70 and 48/50, respectively) and mean participant age (14.6 ± 2 and 15.1 ± 1.65 years, respectively) ( P = 0.459 and P = 0.062, respectively). The prevalence of COVID-19 in the patients (n = 2, 1.6%) was lower than that in the controls (n = 6, 6.1%); however, the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.142). The total EUROHIS-QOL score was significantly lower in the patients (31.2 ± 6.7) than in the controls (33.7 ± 4.4) ( P < 0.001). The total QoL scores of asthmatic adolescents without other allergic disease (31.4 ± 6.7) was also lower than those of the controls (33.7 ± 4.4) ( P = 0.009). Treatment disruption was significantly more common in patients who received subcutaneous immunotherapy (n = 20, 48.8%) than in those who did not (n = 8, 9.5%) ( P < 0.001). Moreover, the patients had lower EUROHIS-QOL scores in the overall QoL, general health, finance, and home domains. Conclusion Our results indicate that the mean QoL score of asthmatic adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic is lower than in the healthy population. Disruption in their treatment was most common in patients with asthma who were receiving subcutaneous immunotherapy.

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Asthma and allergic diseases are not risk factors for hospitalization in children with coronavirus disease 2019

Cited by 36 publications

References 32 publications

COVID-19-Related Pneumonia in an Adolescent Patient with Allergic Asthma

COVID-19-Related Pneumonia in an Adolescent Patient with Allergic Asthma

The impact of comorbid allergic airway disease on the severity and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents with Asthma

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