Asthma in schoolchildren. Demographic associations and peak expiratory flow rates compared in children with bronchitis.

Hamman, Richard F.; Halil, Tony; Holland, Walter W.

doi:10.1136/jech.29.4.228

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Indeed, this appears to be the case, with an increased frequency of allergic diseases in higher socioeconomic groups. A number of studies over the last few decades have reported a greater prevalence of asthma in higher socioeconomic groups [25,51,52]. Some of these studies have been criticised because children with asthma may have been misclassified as wheezy bronchitis.…”

Section: Socioeconomic Status Dietary Fat and Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat and asthma: is there a connection?

Black¹,

Sharpe²

1997

Eur Respir J

443

359

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The last two decades have seen an increase in the prevalence of asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis in developed countries. This increase has been paralleled by a fall in the consumption of saturated fat and an increase in the amount of polyunsaturated fat in the diet. This is due to a reduction in the consumption of animal fat and an increase in the use of margarine and vegetable oils containing ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as linoleic acid. There is also evidence for a decrease in the consumption of oily fish which contain ω-3 PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic acid.In a number of countries, there are social class and regional differences in the prevalence of allergic disease, which are associated with differences in the consumption of PUFAs. Linoleic acid is a precursor of arachidonic acid, which can be converted to prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), whereas eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits the formation of PGE 2 . PGE 2 acts on T-lymphocytes to reduce the formation of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) without affecting the formation of interleukin-4 (IL-4). This may lead to the development of allergic sensitization, since IL-4 promotes the synthesis of immunoglobulin E (IgE), whereas IFN-γ has the opposite effect.Changes in the diet may explain the increase in the prevalence of asthma, eczema and allergic rhinitis. The effects of diet may be mediated through an increase in the synthesis of prostaglandin E 2 which in turn can promote the formation of immunoglobulin E.

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Section: Socioeconomic Status Dietary Fat and Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat and asthma: is there a connection?

Black¹,

Sharpe²

1997

Eur Respir J

443

359

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show abstract

“…[93][94][95][96][97] Such results may depend both on how socio-economic status is measured and on the specific outcome examined. Some studies have reported associations of lower socio-economic status with greater airway obstruction and symptoms but not with a diagnosis of asthma.…”

Section: Socio-economic Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma: epidemiology, etiology and risk factors

Subbarao¹,

Mandhane²,

Sears³

2009

Canadian Medical Association Journal

440

303

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“…5 11 This may be to a certain extent because of the analytical difficulty of distinguishing birth order from family size. Secondly, it is puzzling that studies based on data collected long ago showed no association between family size and asthma or wheeze [14][15][16][17] while more recent data tend to show an association with both. 7 9 11 In the study of Davis and Bulpitt the lack of association was not restricted to asthma, but observed also for atopy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between asthma and family size between 1977 and 1994

Rona¹,

Hughes²,

Chinn³

1999

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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Results-The overall association between asthma, defined as asthma attacks or wheeze, and total number of siblings was not significant (p=0.22), but an only child had a higher prevalence of asthma than children with siblings (OR 0.87 95% CI 0.76 to 0.98). The interaction between year of survey and sibship size on asthma was not significant (p=0.36). There was no association between asthma and birth order. A significant interaction between social class and year of survey on asthma was detected (p=0.004). In the 1993/94 survey children whose fathers had a semi or unskilled manual occupation had a higher prevalence of asthma (16%) than children whose fathers belonged to other social classes (13%). Conclusions-This study provides only marginal support for a change over time of the association between sibship size and asthma. Based on recent reports the nature of the exposure agent that may explain the association remains controversial. This study suggests a disproportionate increase of asthma in lower social classes. (J Epidemiol Community Health 1999;53:15-19)

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Asthma in schoolchildren. Demographic associations and peak expiratory flow rates compared in children with bronchitis.

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Dietary fat and asthma: is there a connection?

Dietary fat and asthma: is there a connection?

Asthma: epidemiology, etiology and risk factors

Association between asthma and family size between 1977 and 1994

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