Astrogliosis in the cerebral cortex of gerbils after long-term exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

Abstract

Astrogliosis in the cerebral cortex of gerbils after long-term exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane. by Rosengren LE, Aurell A, Kjellstrand P, Haglid KGThe following article refers to this text: 0;0 Special issue:0 11 (1985) [447][448][449][450][451][452][453][454][455] Astrogliosis in the cerebral cortex of gerbils after long-term exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane by Lars E Rosengren, MD,1 Ann Aurell, 88,1 Per Kjellstrand, PhD,2 Kenneth G Haglid, MD 1 ROSENGREN LE, AURELL A, KJELLSTRAND P, HAGLID KG. Astrogliosis in the cerebral cortex of gerbils after long-term exposu re to l ,l ,l-trichloroethane . Scand J Work En viron Health 11 (1985) 447-455 . Mongolian gerbils (Meriones ungiculatus) were continuously expos ed by inhalation to l,l,l-trichloroethane at 70, 210, or 1000 ppm for three months, followed by a four-month postexposure solvent-free period. Concentration s of two astroglial proteins, S-Ioo and glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein, were then determined in different regions of the cerebral cortex. The main biochemical alterations induced after exposure to 210 and I 000 ppm of I, I, l-t richloroethane demonst rated a pronounced change in gerbil bra in; increased concent rations of GFA protein were found in the cerebral sensorimotor corte x at both these exposure levels, an occur rence indicating astrogliosis in this brain region . These results suggest that 1,1.l-trichloroethane should not be regarded as harmless, particularly regarding neurotoxicity, as previously claimed .

Determination of S-100 and glial fibrillary acidic protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid after brain infarction.

“…15 The GFA protein concentrations also were measured with an ELISA as previously described 16 but modified to increase the sensitivity. The protocol for this assay closely follows the procedure for the S-100 analysis, 15 except that calcium chloride was exchanged for EDTA in the incubation buffer.…”

Cerebrospinal fluid proteins in men with chronic encephalopathy after exposure to organic solvents.

“…Such an increase has been demonstrated in brain tissue in animal studies after exposure to neurotoxic agents (9)(10). Similar changes might occur in the human brain in toxic encephalopathy caused by organic solvents.…”

“…Albumin, immunoglobulin (lg) G, prealbumin, alpha-l-antitrypsin, and haptoglobin were measured with the use of electroimmunoassay (15). Beta-2-microglobulin and the astroglial cell proteins SIOO and glial fibrillary acidic protein were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (10,16,17). The albumin ratio [CSF albumin/S albumin (S =serum)] was calculated and used as an indicator of the blood-CSF barrier function.…”

Neurotoxicity of 1,1,1-trichloroethane questioned.

“…The arguments for our exposure model, using three months of exposure followed by a four-month exposure-free period, have already been discussed in the criticized paper, and also in previous publications (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). The obvious advantage of using this exposure model is that changes observed four months after a neurotoxic assault can be considered as long lasting, and possibly irreversible.…”