High efficiency and enantioselectivity have been achieved in the RhI‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of α‐ and β‐enamido phosphonates using a monophosphoramidite as the chiral ligand (see scheme; cod=1,5‐cyclooctadiene), thus affording the optically active amino phosphonates with a turnover frequency of up to 1800 h−1 and high ee values.