Asymptomatic congenital tuberculosis

Sauteur, Patrick M. Meyer; Marques-Maggio, Ewerton; Relly, Christa; Keller, Peter M.; Clarenbach, Christian F.; Berger, Christoph

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000007562

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…Hence, the initial focal point is the development in the liver with impacts on the periportal lymph nodes, leading to TB involvement and infection of the embryo lungs, while primary infection of TB in the adult occurs in the lung. 27 The differential diagnosis of congenital TB from other congenital infections may be difficult because of the similar symptoms that may arise in the second to the third week of life. 28 Pregnancy is associated with complex changes in cell-mediated immunity, thus, pregnant women are at high risk of HIV and TB infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency viruses and TB/HIV co-infection in pregnant women: A meta-analysis

Yaghoubi

Salehabadi

Abdeahad

et al. 2020

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

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Background: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB) represent major public health problems. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is the assessment of the prevalence of tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), and co-infection of both, in pregnant women. Methods: We searched the literature in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Knowledge and MeSH, from all years of study until 25 April 2018, for articles and abstracts describing tuberculosis, HIV, and co-infection of HIV/TB during the pregnancy. Risk ratio (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each outcome were combined, using a random-effects model. Eighteen studies met our inclusion criteria. Results: There was not an association between the incidence risk of tuberculosis during pregnancy in women without any underlying disease. (Risk ratio = 2.43, 95% CI = 0.97-6.08, p = 0.056, I 2 = 88.636, df (Q) = 4, Qvalue = 35.198). Pregnancy does not increase the incidence risk of HIV (Risk ratio = 1.27, 95% CI = 1-1.6, p = 0.00, I 2 = 81.024, df (Q) = 17, Q-value = 89.589). The prevalence of HIV has been investigated in three age groups of pregnant women [18-24 years (RR = 1.38), 25-34 years (RR = 1.12), and 35-44 years (RR = 1.71)], but there was not any significant association between the incidence of HIV and the age of the pregnancy. The risk ratio of tuberculosis in HIV positive pregnant women was 2.56 (summary: 95% CI = 1.57-4.17, p = 0.055, I 2 = 56.744, df (Q) = 4, Q-value = 9.247), and pregnancy in HIV positive women increased the incidence risk of tuberculosis. Conclusions: Pregnancy in HIV positive women was associated with an increased tuberculosis risk. Thus, prevention of tuberculosis incidents in these pregnant women would be critical for reducing vertical transmission from mother to child.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency viruses and TB/HIV co-infection in pregnant women: A meta-analysis

Yaghoubi

Salehabadi

Abdeahad

et al. 2020

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

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Adalimumab

2017

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Congenital Tuberculosis in a Neonate: A Case Report and Literature Review

Yeh

Lin

2019

Front. Pediatr.

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Congenital tuberculosis (TB) is difficult to detect because the disease presents few or no symptoms in the fetus during pregnancy and nonspecific symptoms in neonates. We reviewed 20 cases of congenital TB reported between 2011 and 2017 and report a case of a mother and her 8 days old neonate with congenital TB. In these 21 cases (including our case), the most common clinical presentations were respiratory distress, fever, and hepatosplenomegaly. The most common chest imaging findings were pneumonia, multiple pulmonary nodules, and miliary pattern. The mortality rate of infants with TB was increased ~2.2-fold if their mothers had no symptoms. The case reported herein concerns an 8 days old neonate with the rare presentation of a 2 days history of fever, followed by abdominal distension without respiratory symptoms. Computed tomography (CT) imaging exhibited a large amount of right pleural effusion. Multiple antimicrobial therapies were administered to the neonate; however, his symptoms persisted. Repeat CT was used to identify a progressed disease with multiple nodules over the lung, spleen, and hepatic hilar region. Standard anti-TB medications were prescribed, and the patient recovered gradually. Both gastric lavage and pleural effusion cultures confirmed the diagnosis of TB. The neonate's mother denied any TB contact history and the diagnosis of any medical disease during pregnancy, but she experienced a fulminant course of miliary TB and was admitted to the intensive care unit 24 days postpartum. She died despite receiving anti-TB treatment. In TB-endemic areas, congenital TB should be taken into consideration when neonates develop fever, respond poorly to antimicrobial treatment, and when their mothers deny any TB contact history.

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Asymptomatic congenital tuberculosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency viruses and TB/HIV co-infection in pregnant women: A meta-analysis

Tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency viruses and TB/HIV co-infection in pregnant women: A meta-analysis

Adalimumab

Congenital Tuberculosis in a Neonate: A Case Report and Literature Review

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