Asymptomatic Plaques of Lower Peripheral Arteries and Their Association with Cardiovascular Disease: An Autopsy Study

Nakamura, Eriko; Sato, Yuichiro; Iwakiri, Takashi; Yamashita, Atsushi; Moriguchi-Goto, Sayaka; Maekawa, Kazunari; Gi, Toshihiro; Asada, Yujiro

doi:10.5551/jat.39669

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Second, PAD was present in 5 out of 193 patients without CAD (3%) and in 33 out of 224 with CAD (15%). Although atherosclerotic plaques in peripheral arteries were reported to be common in patients without any symptoms of PAD, especially in those with CAD 27 ) , this prevalence of PAD was similar to that reported by Lee et al 18 ) (4% of patients without CAD and 16% of those with CAD). However, the small number of patients with PAD ( n = 38) was one of the major limitations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Low Plasma Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Miyazaki

Saita

Kishimoto

et al. 2018

J Atheroscler Thromb

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Aim: Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) is a metabolic regulator with beneficial effects on glucolipid metabolism. Since FGF-21 has lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, it may play a protective role against atherosclerosis. However, blood FGF-21 levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD) have not been elucidated.Methods: We measured plasma FGF-21 levels in 417 patients undergoing coronary angiography, who also had ankle-brachial index test for PAD screening.Results: CAD was found in 224 patients (1-vessel [1-VD], n = 92; 2-vessel [2-VD], n = 65; 3-vessel disease [3-VD], n = 67). No significant difference was found in the FGF-21 levels between 224 patients with CAD and 193 without CAD (median 26.0 vs. 25.9 pg/mL). FGF-21 levels in 4 groups of CAD(−), 1-VD, 2-VD, and 3-VD were 25.9, 37.2, 19.4, and 0.0 pg/mL. FGF-21 tended to be highest in 1-VD and lowest in 3-VD, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. PAD was found in 38 patients. Compared to the 379 patients without PAD, 38 with PAD had CAD more often (87% vs. 50%), especially 3-VD (P < 0.001). FGF-21 levels were lower in patients with PAD than in those without PAD (0.0 vs. 30.7 pg/mL, P < 0.02). In multivariate analysis, the FGF-21 level was an independent factor for PAD, but not for CAD. Odds ratio for PAD was 2.13 (95%CI= 1.01–4.49) for a low FGF-21 level (< 15.6 pg/mL).Conclusion: No significant difference was found in the FGF-21 levels between patients with and without CAD. However, FGF-21 levels were low in patients with PAD, and were a factor for PAD independent of atherosclerotic risk factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Low Plasma Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Miyazaki

Saita

Kishimoto

et al. 2018

J Atheroscler Thromb

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“…Coronary calcification is strongly associated with an increased risk of CAD in people without prior CAD events [ 3 ]. Non-coronary arterial calcification, such as in the peripheral arteries, is also associated with an increased risk of CAD [ 4 ]. It is, therefore, conceivable that detection of non-coronary artery calcification may be useful to screen for quiescent CAD provided that the cost and logistics of screening can be justified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is breast arterial calcification associated with coronary artery disease?—A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Background There is increasing evidence that breast arterial calcification (BAC), an incidental finding on 3-29% of mammograms, could be used to screen for coronary artery disease (CAD). We conducted a systematic review to assess the associations between BAC and CAD and its risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus and smoking). Methods and findings MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and references of relevant papers were searched up to 18 February 2020 for English language studies that evaluated the associations of BAC and CAD and its risk factors. A single reviewer extracted all data and assessed study quality with verification by another independent reviewer, if required. Across 31 studies (n = 35,583; 3 longitudinal and 28 cross-sectional studies) that examined the association of BAC and CAD, the OR was 2.61 (95% CI 2.12-3.21; I 2 = 71%). Sub-analysis of studies that graded BAC severity using the 4-(4 studies) or 12-point scale systems (3 studies) revealed an association with CAD and moderate-severe BAC (OR 4.83 (95%CI 1.50-15.54) and OR 2.95 (95% CI 1.49-5.84), respectively) but not mild BAC (OR 2.04 (95%CI 0.82-5.05) and OR 1.08 (95%CI 0.42-2.75), respectively). BAC was associated with hypertension (42 studies; n = 32,646; OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.47-2.21; I 2 = 85%) and diabetes mellitus (51 studies; n = 53,464; OR 2.17; 95% CI 1.82-2.59; I 2 = 75%) but not with hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.31; 95%CI 0.97-1.77; I 2 = 67%). Smoking was inversely associated with BAC (35 studies; n = 40,002; OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.42-0.70; I 2 = 83%). Studies mostly included symptomatic women. Marked heterogeneity existed and publication bias may be present. Conclusions BAC is associated with CAD, diabetes mellitus and hypertension and inversely associated with smoking. Whether BAC could screen for CAD cannot be determined from current published

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“…Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan area lesio mengalami perluasan seiring dengan peningkatan respons terhadap kolesterol. Pada pasien yang tidak menunjukkan gejala klinis PAD, area intima (lipid area) dilaporkan mencapai 20% dari luas total arteri iliak (Nakamura et al, 2017). Area intima yang mengalami perluasan terus-menerus akan mempersempit lumen arteri dan menimbulkan stenosis.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Lesio Aterosklerosis pada Arteri Iliak Monyet Ekor Panjang sebagai Hewan Model Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

et al. 2019

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Aterosklerosis pada arteri iliak berkaitan dengan kejadian peripheral arterial disease (PAD) pada manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis lesio aterosklerosis pada arteri iliak sebagai salah satu faktor penyebab PAD. Penelitian ini menggunakan sembilan monyet ekor panjang jantan dewasa dari 3 kelompok respons yang diberi pakan aterogenik IPB-1 selama 2 tahun. Arteri common iliak diambil pada saat nekropsi, diproses menjadi slaid histologi dan diwarnai dengan Verhoeff van Giesson (VVG). Keparahan lesio dikategorikan sebagai grade I sampai VI dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Area lesio ditentukan melalui panjang lamina elastik interna (PLEI), area intima (AI), serta ketebalan maksimum intima (KIM) dan dianalisis dengan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 55,56% monyet membentuk lesio plak aterosklerosis (grade IV sampai VI) yang mana mereka berasal dari kelompok intermediet dan hiper-responsif. Kelompok hiper-responsif menunjukkan AI dan KMI paling tinggi (0,979 mm2; 0,352 mm) diikuti kelompok intermediet (0,372 mm2; 0,237 mm) dan kelompok hipo-responsif (0,049 mm2; 0,052 mm) (P<0,05). Hasil ini menunjukkan semakin tinggi kolesterol plasma, semakin luas area lesio yang terbentuk. Keseluruhan hasil mendukung bahwa monyet yang diberi pakan aterogenik IPB-1 selama 2 tahun mampu membentuk lesio plak aterosklerosis pada arteri common iliak, dan berpotensi sebagai hewan model PAD, kecuali kelompok hipo-responsif.

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Asymptomatic Plaques of Lower Peripheral Arteries and Their Association with Cardiovascular Disease: An Autopsy Study

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Low Plasma Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Low Plasma Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Is breast arterial calcification associated with coronary artery disease?—A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lesio Aterosklerosis pada Arteri Iliak Monyet Ekor Panjang sebagai Hewan Model Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

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