Atherosclerosis: Risk Factors and Medical Management

DePalma, Ralph G.; Hayes, Virginia W.

doi:10.1002/9780470987094.ch37

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Arterial branching points are the most susceptible areas for plaque formation because of their high blood flow dynamics. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Atherosclerosis is a degenerative disease that begins in early childhood and advances with age. The early lesions, so-called ''fatty streaks,'' are small deposits of clearly vacuolated, lipid-containing cells called ''foam cells.''…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are yellowish lesions, and are usually seen in the aorta of infants and children. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Atherosclerotic vascular disease is a multifactorial process characterized by plaque formation seen in adults. Atherosclerotic plaques are categorized into three forms: gelatinous, fibrous, and complicated.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advanced plaques can be complicated by calcification, ulceration, hemorrhage, and necrosis. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Three main biological processes are seen during the development of atherosclerosis: 1) accumulation of smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and T-lymphocytes; 2) formation of a collagen matrix, including collagen, elastic fibers, and proteoglycan; and 3) deposition of cholesteryl esters and free cholesterol. The mature plaque contains collagen, proteoglycans, free cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, calcium, and magnesium salts.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mature plaque contains collagen, proteoglycans, free cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, calcium, and magnesium salts. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Atherosclerotic lesions are categorized into five phases. The early phases are asymptomatic, and as phase 4 approaches, severe thickening of the arteries starts, and an occlusive process becomes evident.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of death in Western countries because its complications can be life-threatening, especially when coronary arteries are affected. [8][9][10][11][12][13] When performing microvascular surgery in atherosclerotic patients, the utmost care should be taken to minimize complications. Since atherosclerotic arteries lose their elasticity and are more prone to thrombosis and finally occlusion, the surgical planning and technique should be as meticulous as possible.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for the optimization of microsurgery in atherosclerotic patients

et al. 2006

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We review the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the issues that must be taken into consideration when performing microsurgery in atherosclerotic patients. Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease, and may affect the success of microsurgery. Atherosclerotic patients have a tendency toward thrombosis, because the nature of the arteries is changed. Such patients are usually old and have additional medical problems. To increase the success rate of microsurgery in atherosclerotic patients, special precautions should be considered. Patients must be evaluated properly for the suitability of microsurgery. The microsurgical technique requires a meticulous approach, and various technical tricks can be used to avoid thrombosis. Recipient-vessel selection, anastomotic technique, and the use of vein grafts are all important issues. Prophylactic anticoagulation is recommended in severely atherosclerotic patients. Close monitoring of the patient and flap is necessary after the operation, as with routine microvascular free-tissue transfers. We conclude that atherosclerosis is not a contraindication for microsurgery. If the microsurgeon knows how to deal with the difficulties in atherosclerotic patients, microsurgery can be performed safely.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesis Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesis Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesis Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for the optimization of microsurgery in atherosclerotic patients

et al. 2006

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Reduction of iron stores and clinical outcomes in peripheral arterial disease: outcome comparisons in smokers and non-smokers

DePalma¹,

Zacharski

Chow

et al. 2013

Vascular

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A prospective randomized trial suggested that iron (ferritin) reduction improved outcomes in smokers. The present study reanalyzed the trial results in smokers compared with non-smokers. Randomization of 1262 men with peripheral arterial disease (540 smokers and 722 non-smokers) to iron reduction (phlebotomy) or control groups permitted analysis of the effects of iron reduction and smoking on primary (all-cause mortality) and secondary (death plus non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke) endpoints. Iron reduction resulted in significant improvement in the primary (hazard ratio [HR] 0.661, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45, 0.97; P = 0.036) and secondary (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.46, 0.88; P = 0.006) endpoints compared with controls in smokers but not in non-smokers. Smokers required removal of a greater volume of blood to attain targeted ferritin reduction as compared with non-smokers (P = 0.003) and also exhibited differing characteristics from non-smokers, including significantly less statin use. Phlebotomy-related outcomes favored smokers over non-smokers. Biological linkages responsible for this unique effect offer promising lines for future iron reduction studies (ClinicalTrial.Gov Identifier: NCT00032357).

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Συμβολή Στη Μελέτη Της Διεργασίας Της Απόπτωσης Του Αθηρώματος Της Καρωτίδας Αρτηρίας

Karanikola¹,

Καρανικόλα²

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viii 4.5 Παράγοντες κινδύνου 72 ΑΠΟΠΤΩΣΗ 76 5.1 Γενικά περί απόπτωσης -Κυτταρικός θάνατος 5.2 Διαφορές μεταξύ απόπτωσης και νέκρωσης 5.3 Μορφολογικά χαρακτηριστικά της απόπτωσης 5.4 Βιοχημική βάση της απόπτωσης 5.5 Φυσιολογικός ρόλος της απόπτωσης 85 5.6 Γονιδιακοί ρυθμιστικοί μηχανισμοί της απόπτωσης 86 5.7 Απόπτωση -γονίδια και αθηρωμάτωση 88 5.8 Αγγειακές παθήσεις και γονιδιακή θεραπεία 89 ΕΙΔΙΚΟ ΜΕΡΟΣ 92 6.1 ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ -ΣΚΟΠΟΣ 93 6.2 ΥΛΙΚΟ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ 94 Α. Ασθενείς 94 Β. Δείγματα ιστών 98 Γ. Ανοσοϊστοχημική ανάλυση 100 6.3 ΣΤΑΤΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΜΕΘΟΔΟΛΟΓΙΑ

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Atherosclerosis: Risk Factors and Medical Management

Cited by 3 publications

References 122 publications

Guidelines for the optimization of microsurgery in atherosclerotic patients

Guidelines for the optimization of microsurgery in atherosclerotic patients

Reduction of iron stores and clinical outcomes in peripheral arterial disease: outcome comparisons in smokers and non-smokers

Συμβολή Στη Μελέτη Της Διεργασίας Της Απόπτωσης Του Αθηρώματος Της Καρωτίδας Αρτηρίας

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