Atherosclerotic and Thrombophilic Risk Factors in Patients With Ischemic Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

Abstract

The results of the present study suggest that some atherosclerotic and thrombophilic risk factors may increase the risk of having an ischemic form of CRVO.

Systemic Hypertension and the Eye: Highlighting a Comorbidity

“…Our findings are consistent with previous data suggested cardiovascular risk profile for persons with CRVO [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

“…Primary hypercoagulable states with a defect in the physiological anticoagulant mechanism [21][22][23][24] and secondary hypercoagulable states, which are conditions, also are associated with an increased risk of thrombosis [25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

How does hypertension affect your eyes?

“…81,[86][87][88] Recurrence of RVO in the same or fellow eye is also noted with poor control of blood pressure. A recent metaanalysis has shown a significant association between hypertension and both central RVO (odds ratio ¼ 3.8) and BRVO (odds ratio ¼ 3.0), 91,92 with the risk of developing BRVO being five times higher even for mild hypertensive retinopathy. 88 Additional risk factors for RVO include diabetes, cigarette smoking and carotid artery disease as well as various hematological abnormalities (for example, hyperhomocysteinaemia, anti-cardiolipin antibodies, protein S and C deficiencies, activated protein C resistance, and factor V Leiden mutation).…”

“…88 Additional risk factors for RVO include diabetes, cigarette smoking and carotid artery disease as well as various hematological abnormalities (for example, hyperhomocysteinaemia, anti-cardiolipin antibodies, protein S and C deficiencies, activated protein C resistance, and factor V Leiden mutation). 91,92 RVO has also been associated with stroke, coronary heart disease and cardiovascular mortality. 90 The cause and management of the RVO is closely linked to the underlying systemic disease and its management.…”

Clinical Risk Factors Underlying the Occurrence of Retinal Vein Occlusion

“…The association between low folic acid levels and the occurrence of RVO had been demonstrated in a meta-analysis [20] . Sodi et al [21] suggested that postmethionine hyperhomocysteinemia, elevated factor VIII, and reduced folic acid and B6 plasma levels were more frequent in the patients with CRVO.…”