Ätiologische Aspekte der Torsio uteri beim Rind: Eine Übersicht

Abstract

An overview about various observed phenomena, assumptions, and relations concerning the development of uterine torsion in cattle is presented. Furthermore, contradictory observations and old ideas are relativated and more accurate interpretations are given. It is known that the fetus himself is moving what is considered a reason for a torsion of the uterus. Intrauterine movements of the fetus are physiologic, and therefore other factors for uterine torsions are likely to be involved. A very plausible explanation for the selective occurrence of uterine torsion in cattle seems to be decreased amniotic fluid in relation to the size of fetus and uterus, because other influences can also be observed in all or at least in a high number of other animals. Destabilizing factors concerning the uterus (tonus decreased, uterus outside bursa supraomentalis) increase the possibility of developing a torsio uteri but are not compelling for the torsio uteri.

Sonogram of coccygeus muscle in dairy cows with different gestational ages

“…Furthermore, intramuscular fat [ 43 ] that appeared as hyperechoic in sonogram may also influence the intensity of tissue and the thickness of muscle [ 44 ]. In addition, reproductive disorders associated with the position, size, and weight of reproductive organs such as 1) position change due to the torsion [ 36 , 45 ], 2) death of fetus in the uterus such as mummification and maceration, 3) the growth of tissue in the uterus such as neoplasia [ 46 ], and 4) accumulation of fluids in organs such as mucometra, haemometra, chronic hydrometra endometritis, and pyometra [ 46 ] may also affect perineal tissue size and intensity, especially the coccygeus muscle. The change in reproductive organs due to reproductive disorders also cause changes in position, size, and weight, possibly difficult to distinguish the sonogram image and perineal constituents tissue size among dairy cows during the gestation period.…”

Uterine torsion in Brown Swiss cattle: retrospective analysis from an alpine practice in Switzerland

“…Out of all veterinary‐assisted dystocia cases, 20 per cent (Aubry and others 2008) to 30 per cent (Berchtold and Rüsch 1993) are due to uterine torsion. Many publications describe fertility variables after dystocia, but only Schönfelder and coworkers described that 40 per cent of the cows got pregnant after uterine torsion followed by caesarean section (Schönfelder and Sobiraj 2005).…”

Torsio uteri ante partum bei Rindern – eine retrospektive Studie von 36 Fällen

“…Die beobachteten78% nach linkstordierter, rechtsgraviderUteri entsprechen denErgebnissen vonGloor(6) mit75-81% derDrehun-geninRichtung desnichtgraviden Horns. Allgemein wird für das Entstehend er Torsio uteri intra partum dasZ usammenwirken mehrerer Faktoren verantwortlich gemacht (17). Diskutiertw er- Histologisch zeigensichbei einerTorsio uteri um 360°eine massive Zunahme derU teruswanddicke, eine Dilatation derG efäße im Stratum vasculosum und eine vollständigeAblösungdes Oberflächenepithels (8).…”

“…Im Gegensatzz ur Torsio uteri intra partum (10,15,16,17) gibt es nur wenige Studien überd ie Therapie undd ie Prognose nach einerTorsio uteri ante partum. In Fallbeschreibungenwurde überUterusrupturen odereine hämorrhagischeInfarzierung der Gebärmutternach einerTorsio uteri ante partum berichtet (1,11,14).…”