Atlas of Pollen and Spores of the Florida Everglades

Willard, Debra A.; Bernhardt, Christopher E.; Weimer, Lisa; Cooper, Sherri R.; Gámez, Desiré; Jensen, Jennifer

doi:10.2113/28.1.175

Cited by 97 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Pollen grains and fern spores were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level using the UC Berkeley Museum of Paleontology's collection of over 10,000 reference pollen samples, reference material collected in the field, and published pollen keys (Colinvaux et al, 1999;Hansen, 1990;Horn, 1986;Palacios-Chávez et al, 1991;Roubik and Moreno, 1991;Willard et al, 2004). Cladium was separated from other Cyperaceae pollen based on its size and the presence of an elongated tip (Faegri and Iverson, 1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene climate variability and anthropogenic impacts from Lago Paixban, a perennial wetland in Peten, Guatemala

Wahl

Hansen

Byrne

et al. 2016

Global and Planetary Change

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene climate variability and anthropogenic impacts from Lago Paixban, a perennial wetland in Peten, Guatemala

Wahl

Hansen

Byrne

et al. 2016

Global and Planetary Change

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“…Palynomorph identification was conducted using a light microscope at 400x magnification. Taxonomic identifications were based on reference collections of the United States Geological Survey (Reston, VA, United States) and Willard et al (2004). Percent abundance of major wetland taxa can be used to accurately discern plant communities only meters apart in the Everglades (Willard et al, 2001;Bernhardt and Willard, 2009).…”

Section: Paleoecologic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Late 19th Century Hydrology in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem: An Integration of Paleoecologic Data and Models

Marshall¹,

Bernhardt

Wingard

2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Determining hydrologic conditions prior to instrumental records is a challenge for restoration of freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Paleoecologic data provide this information on past conditions and when these data are used to adjust hydrologic models, allow conditions to be hindcast that may not be directly estimated from the paleo-data alone. In this context, the paleo-data provide real-world estimates as input to the models. Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem requires this understanding of the hydrology of the natural system prior to significant alterations due to water management and land use. Large scale models such as the Natural Systems Model (NSM 4.6.2) have been used by the South Florida Water Management District and other agencies responsible for restoration to estimate past hydrologic conditions; however, these models typically portray a drier natural system for the beginning of the 20th century than what is indicated by paleoecologic analyses and historical data. The purpose of this study is to estimate pre-20th century water levels, hydroperiods and flow in the freshwater wetlands of the Everglades by using pollen assemblage data in three sediment cores to adjust the Natural Systems Model. This study is designed to further test estimates of flow through the Everglades derived from analysis of sediment cores collected in Florida Bay. The results demonstrate that the NSM 4.6.2 underestimates water levels and hydroperiods in the Everglades compared to the paleoadjusted NSM 4.6.2 model outputs. Flow models that use the paleo-adjusted water levels as input indicate flow through Shark River Slough in the late 19th century was approximately two times flow between 1990 and 2000, and flow through Taylor Slough was approximately three times flow between 1990 and 2000. The flow estimates derived from this study agree with the estimates derived from earlier studies using estuarine cores. This integration of paleoecologic information and hydrologic models provides resource managers with the best available estimates of past conditions and allows them to set realistic targets for restoration of freshwater ecosystems.

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“…The main pollen taxa, non-pollen microfossils, and charcoal were counted and photographed with an objective of 400x magnification (see Supplement Figure for photos of selected microfossils). The identification of pollen was based on published pollen illustrations by McAndrews et al (1973) and Willard et al (2004). Approximately 300 grains of pollen and spores were counted in most of the samples, and this pollen sum was used for the calculation of pollen percentages.…”

Section: Laboratory Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Modern Pollen Assemblages and Soil Geochemistry along Coastal Environmental Gradients in the Everglades of South Florida

Yao

Liu

2018

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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This study aims to document the changes in modern pollen assemblages and soil elemental chemistry along broad edaphic, hydrological, and salinity gradients, including a previously undocumented secondary environmental gradient, in a vast mangrove-dominated wetland region in the Everglades, South Florida. Twenty-five soil surface samples were collected along an interior wetland transect and an estuarine mangrove transect across coastal zones in the Everglades National Park and subjected to palynological and XRF analyses. Modern pollen spectra from the sampling sites were classified into five a priori groups-wet prairie, pineland, inland mangroves, coastal mangroves, and fringe mangroves, based on the five vegetation types and sub-environments from which they were collected. Discriminant analysis shows that all (100%) of the samples are correctly classified into their a priori groups. On a broad scale, the modern pollen assemblages in surface samples collected from different vegetation types reflect the primary environmental gradient in the Florida Coastal Everglades. A distinct salinity and chemical gradient is also recorded in the XRF results, and the complexity of these gradients is captured at both regional and local scales. At the regional scale, concentrations of all the elements increase from terrestrial toward coastal sites. At the local scale, XRF results show a progressive decrease in most chemical concentrations and in the Cl/Br and Ca/Ti ratios away from the Shark River Slough at each individual site, suggesting that a secondary fluvial/tidal gradient also exists locally as a function of the distance from the river, the main carrier of these chemicals. This study provides new evidence to show that tidal flooding from the Shark River Estuary is directly related to the nutrient availability in the surrounding mangrove forests. These data will deepen our understanding of the environmental drivers behind the vegetation zonation in the region, especially in the mangrove ecosystems, and fill a gap in the pollen data network for the Everglades.

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Atlas of Pollen and Spores of the Florida Everglades

Cited by 97 publications

References 14 publications

Holocene climate variability and anthropogenic impacts from Lago Paixban, a perennial wetland in Peten, Guatemala

Holocene climate variability and anthropogenic impacts from Lago Paixban, a perennial wetland in Peten, Guatemala

Estimating Late 19th Century Hydrology in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem: An Integration of Paleoecologic Data and Models

Changes in Modern Pollen Assemblages and Soil Geochemistry along Coastal Environmental Gradients in the Everglades of South Florida

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