Atmospheric acid leaching of nickel laterites review. Part II. Chloride and bio-technologies

McDonald, Robbie G.; Whittington, B.I.

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2007.11.010

Cited by 167 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…With regard to ultramafics, bioleaching has been applied to low-grade ultramafic nickel ores containing sulfide minerals for metal recovery [69][70][71][72][73][74][75]. Zhen et al [74] used a consortium of L. ferrooxidans, A. ferrooxidans, and A. thiooxidans to bioleach nickel-bearing sulfide ore from the Jinchuan mine, China.…”

Section: Bioleaching Of Ultramafic Mine Tailingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategizing Carbon-Neutral Mines: A Case for Pilot Projects

et al. 2014

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Ultramafic and mafic mine tailings are a valuable feedstock for carbon mineralization that should be used to offset carbon emissions generated by the mining industry. Although passive carbonation is occurring at the abandoned Clinton Creek asbestos mine, and the active Diavik diamond and Mount Keith nickel mines, there remains untapped potential for sequestering CO 2 within these mine wastes. There is the potential to accelerate carbonation to create economically viable, large-scale CO 2 fixation technologies that can operate at near-surface temperature and atmospheric pressure. We review several relevant acceleration strategies including: bioleaching of magnesium silicates; increasing the supply of CO 2 via heterotrophic oxidation of waste organics; and biologically induced carbonate precipitation, as well as enhancing passive carbonation through tailings management practices and use of CO 2 point sources. Scenarios for pilot scale projects are proposed with the aim of moving towards carbon-neutral mines. A financial incentive is necessary to encourage the development of these strategies. We recommend the use of a dynamic real options pricing approach, instead of traditional discounted cash-flow approaches, because it reflects the inherent value in managerial OPEN ACCESS Minerals 2014, 4 400 flexibility to adapt and capitalize on favorable future opportunities in the highly volatile carbon market.

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Section: Bioleaching Of Ultramafic Mine Tailingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategizing Carbon-Neutral Mines: A Case for Pilot Projects

et al. 2014

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“…Other advantages include: ambient operating temperatures, higher solubility of metal values in the pregnant leach solution, low energy consumption in reduction by electrolysis and the generation of higher grade metal at the cathodes. 3,8 CuFeS 2 + 3FeCl 3 ⇌ 4FeCl 2 + CuCl + 2S (s) (1) CuFeS 2 + 3CuCl 2 ⇌ FeCl 2 + 4CuCl + 2S (s) (2) 2CuFeS 2 + 3Cl 2 ⇌ 2FeCl 2 + 2CuCl + 4S (s)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Ensuring that equilibrium (5) is favoured over (8) is a challenging target because this runs counter to the Hofmeister bias in which more highly charged anions, which have higher hydration energies, are expected to be more difficult to extract into low polarity water-immiscible solvents. 13 (8) Earlier work 11,15 has shown that a series of amidopyridines are strong chloridometalate extractants and show a high selectivity for ZnCl 4 2-over Cl -. They are readily stripped without the pyridine nitrogen atom entering the inner coordination sphere of the metal due to the bulky t-butyl substituents in the 6-position ( Figure 1a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer-Sphere Coordination Chemistry: Amido-Ammonium Ligands as Highly Selective Tetrachloridozinc(II)ate Extractants

Turkington

Cocalia²,

Kendall

et al. 2012

Inorg. Chem.

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Eight new amido functionalized reagents, L 1 −L 8 , have been synthesized containing the sequence of atoms R 2 N−CH 2 −NR′−CO−R″, which upon protonation forms a six-membered chelate with a hydrogen bond between the tertiary ammonium N−H + group and the amido oxygen atom. The monocationic ligands, LH + , extract tetrachloridometal(II)ates from acidic solutions containing high concentrations of chloride ions via a mechanism in which two ligands address the "outer sphere" of the [MCl 4 ] 2unit using both N−H and C−H hydrogen bond donors to form the neutral complex as in 2L + 2HCl + MCl 2 ⇌ [(LH) 2 MCl 4 ]. The strengths of L 1 −L 8 as zinc extractants in these pH-dependent equilibria have been shown to be very dependent on the number of amide groups in the R 3-n N(CH 2 NR′COR″) n molecules, anti-intuitively decreasing with the number of strong hydrogen bond donors present and following the order monoamides > diamides > triamides. Studies of the effects of chloride concentration on extraction have demonstrated that the monoamides in particular show an unusually high selectivity for [ZnCl 4 ] 2over [FeCl 4 ] − and Cl − . Hybrid-DFT calculations on the tri-, di-, and monoamides, L 2 , L 3 , and L 4 , help to rationalize these orders of strength and selectivity. The monoamide L 4 has the most favorable protonation energy because formation of the LH + cation generates a "chelated proton" structure as described above without having to sacrifice an existing intramolecular amide−amide hydrogen bond. The selectivity of extraction of [ZnCl 4 ] 2over Cl − , represented by the process 2[(LH)Cl] + ZnCl 4 2-⇌ [(LH) 2 ZnCl 4 ] + 2Cl − , is most favorable for L 4 because it is less effective at binding chloride as it has fewer highly polar N−H hydrogen bond donor groups to interact with this "hard" anion.

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“…The solutions used in these studies can be given as sulphuric acid (Georgiou and Papangelakis, 1998;Agacayak and Zedef, 2012;Luo et al, 2010;Stopic et al, 2002;Ayanda et al, 2011;Rubisov et al, 2000;Agatzini-Leonardou and Zafiratos, 2004;McDonald and Whittington, 2008a;Thubakgale et al, 2013;Landers et al, 2009;Mohammadreza et al, 2014), hydrochloric acid (Ayanda et al, 2011;Park and Nam, 2008;Agacayak et. al., 2011;Olanipekun, 2000;Wang et al 2012;Guo et al, 2015;McDonald and Whittington, 2008b;Li et al, 2012), nitric acid (Agacayak and Zedef, 2013;Ayanda et al, 2011;Ma et al, 2013), ammonia (Zhai et al, 2010;Zuniga et al, 2010), citric acid, oxalic acid and acetic acid (Sahu et al, 2011;Behera et al, 2010;Panchanadikar, 1993, Kursunoglu andKaya, 2015). The main aim in leaching studies is to provide metal extraction with high recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Nickel Extraction From Lateritic Ore in Hydrochloric Acid Solution With Hydrogen Peroxide by Taguchi Method

Aras¹,

Agacayak²

2017

Scitech

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Taguchi optimization method was used to determine optimum conditions for the extraction of nickel from lateritic ore in hydrochloric acid solution with hydrogen peroxide. Leaching time, stirring speed, temperature, hydrochloric acid concentration and hydrogen peroxide concentration were chosen as parameters. The optimum conditions for dissolution w ere found as leaching time of 240 min, a temperature of 70°C, hydrochloric acid concentration of 3 M, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 0.1 M and without stirring. The experimental results under optimum leaching conditions, showed that the extraction of nickel from lateritic ore was 90.66%. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to experimental results. Percentage contributions of each factor for the extraction of nickel were determined. Key Words: Leaching, Lateritic ore, Nickel; Hydrochloric acid, Hydrogen peroxide; Taguchi method Nikelin Lateritik Cevherden Hidrojen Peroksitli Hidroklorik Asit Çözeltisinde ÇözündürülmesininTaguchi Yöntemiyle Optimizasyonu ÖZ: Nikelin lateritik cevherden hidrojen peroksitli hidroklorik asit çözeltisinde çözündürülmesinin optimum koşullarını belirlemek için Taguchi optimizasyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Deney parametreleri olarak, süre, karıştırma hızı, sıcaklık, hidroklorik asit derişimi ve hidrojen peroksit derişimi seçilmiştir. Çözündürme için optimum koşullar, karıştırma yapılmadan, 240 dakika liç süresi, 70 °C sıcaklık, 3 M hidroklorik asit derişimi ve 0.1 M hidrojen peroksit derişimi olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum koşullarda yapılan deney sonuçları, nikelin lateritik cevherden çözündürülmesinin %90.66 olduğunu göstermiştir. Deney sonuçlarına varyans analizi (ANOVA) uygulanmış ve her faktörün nikel çözündürülmesine olan katkısı belirlenmiştir.

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Atmospheric acid leaching of nickel laterites review. Part II. Chloride and bio-technologies

Cited by 167 publications

References 41 publications

Strategizing Carbon-Neutral Mines: A Case for Pilot Projects

Strategizing Carbon-Neutral Mines: A Case for Pilot Projects

Outer-Sphere Coordination Chemistry: Amido-Ammonium Ligands as Highly Selective Tetrachloridozinc(II)ate Extractants

Optimization of Nickel Extraction From Lateritic Ore in Hydrochloric Acid Solution With Hydrogen Peroxide by Taguchi Method

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