Atmospheric aerosol compositions in China: spatial/temporal variability, chemical signature, regional haze distribution and comparisons with global aerosols

Zhang, X. Y.; Wang, Y. Q.; Niu, Tao; Zhang, X. C.; Gong, Sunling; Zhang, Y. M.; Sun, Junying

doi:10.5194/acpd-11-26571-2011

Cited by 194 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…All the samples were extracted at an ice-water ultrasonic bath at 0°C for 1.5 hours to avoid the losses of ions. (Zhang et al, 2012b). In order to estimate the primary OC (POC) and secondary OC (SOC), the minimum OC/EC ratio method was used with the following equation (Turpin and Huntzicker, 1995;Castro et al, 1999): SOC = OC -EC × (OC/EC) min (Cao et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Composition of PM2.5 Based on Two-Year Measurements at an Urban Site in Beijing

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In this study, the daily PM 2.5 atmospheric aerosols were collected on quartz and PTFE filters simultaneously from -displayed the highest in December and the lowest in July, which is related to the coal-combustion emission from heating. Three groups with high, medium and low PM 2.5 concentrations were categorized. SO 4 2-, NO 3 -, OC and NH 4 + accounted for 24%, 20%, 21% and 11% of sum of defined components in the high concentration days. In the medium and low concentrations, OC occupied large fractions of defined components. Mass closure was obtained for PTFE, but not for quartz. The PM 2.5 mass concentrations on quartz filters were about 50 µg m -3 higher than that on PTFE. The concentrations of water soluble ions on quartz filters were about 60-70% of that on PTFE filters. About 15-30% of PM 2.5 was considered as the contribution of water vapor, the artifact of water vapor on quartz filter should be noted in later research works. PM 2.5 displayed neutral during the year of 2008 and appeared acidic at the next year according to the calculation of cations/anion, concentration of hydrogen and acidic purity. Carbonaceous aerosols occupied same fractions in neutral and acidic aerosols. While sulfate and nitrate contributed 32% and 21% to PM 2.5 for acidic aerosols, and 22%, 17% of PM 2.5 from sulfate and nitrate for neutral aerosols.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…excluding organic carbon. It was reported that mineral elements contribute less (0.5%) to PM 2.5 (Zhang et al, 2012b). The ratio of organic matter (OM) to organic carbon (OM: OC) could vary from 1.4 to 2.0 in Beijing (Xing et al, 2013).…”

Section: Characterization Of Chemical Components During Different Polmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition of PM2.5 Based on Two-Year Measurements at an Urban Site in Beijing

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…By contrast, when the air gets more humid, aerosol water uptake is getting increasingly important. According to round-year observational data (Zhang et al, 2012) (Ye et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 2013). In Nanjing with lower SNA level but higher RH, SNA induced hygroscopic growth may play the dominant role in the enhancement of aerosol lightabsorbing efficiency.…”

Section: Amplified Dome Effect By Mixing With Scattering Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dome effect of black carbon and its key influencing factors: A one-dimensional modelling study

Wang¹,

Huang²,

Ding³

2017

Preprint

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Black carbon (BC) has been identified to play a critical role in aerosol-planet boundary layer (PBL) interaction and further deterioration of near-surface air pollution in megacities, which has been named as its "dome effect". However, the impacts of key factors that influence this effect, such as the vertical distribution and aging processes of BC, and also the underlying land surface, have not been quantitatively explored yet. Here, based on available in-situ measurements of meteorology and 15 atmospheric aerosols together with the meteorology-chemistry online coupled model, WRF-Chem, we conduct a set of parallel simulations to quantify the roles of these factors in influencing the BC's dome effect and surface haze pollution, and discuss the main implications of the results to air pollution mitigation in China. We found that the impact of BC on PBL is very sensitive to the altitude of aerosol layer. The upper level BC, especially those near the capping inversion, is more essential in suppressing the PBL height and weakening the turbulence mixing. The dome effect of BC tends to be significantly intensified 20 as BC aerosol mixed with scattering aerosols during winter haze events, resulting in a decrease of PBL height by more than 25%. In addition, the dome effect is more substantial (up to 15%) in rural areas than that in the urban areas with the same BC loading, indicating an unexpected regional impact of such kind of effect to air quality in countryside. This study suggests that China's regional air pollution would greatly benefit from BC emission reductions, especially those from the elevated sources from the chimneys and also the domestic combustions in rural areas, through weakening the aerosol-boundary layer 25 interactions that triggered by BC.

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“…In China, haze episodes often occur in developed regions such as the North China Plain (NCP) (Sun et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2013;Che et al, 2014), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) (Che et al, 2009;Deng, 2011;Du et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2012;Cheng et al, 2013) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) (Lü et al, 2009;Yue et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Particulate Matter during Haze and Fog (Pollution) Episodes over Northeast China, Autumn 2013

Yang

Zhao

2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Mass concentrations of particulate matter (PM), including PM 1.0 , PM 2.5 and PM 10 , were measured from October 13 th to November 30 th 2013 at eight sites in Northeast China to evaluate their variations during pollution periods. Five major pollution periods were identified during the autumn of 2013. The maximum daily average PM 2.5 concentrations were 437 ± 85 µg/m 3 and 322 ± 50 µg/m 3 in Harbin and Shenyang, respectively. The minimum was 75 ± 28 µg/m 3 in Dandong. The presence of finer particles was significantly related to visibility degradation during pollution periods. Wind speeds had a negative correlation with PM concentrations, while high relative humidity (RH) favored the formation of haze in Northeast China.Visibility on non-hazy days was approximately 2.5-3.0 times greater than that on hazy days. During hazy days, the PM 1.0 :PM 2.5 ratios were 0.89 ± 0.04, 0.85 ± 0.04 and 0.91 ± 0.04 at Anshan, Shenyang and Dandong, respectively. These results show that PM 1.0 was the dominant particle pollutant in Northeast China during periods of pollution. High RH and low wind speeds during hazy days may favor the accumulation of atmospheric pollutants. The results of this study provide useful information toward recognizing air pollution episode characteristics in Northeast China.

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Atmospheric aerosol compositions in China: spatial/temporal variability, chemical signature, regional haze distribution and comparisons with global aerosols

Cited by 194 publications

References 80 publications

Chemical Composition of PM2.5 Based on Two-Year Measurements at an Urban Site in Beijing

Chemical Composition of PM2.5 Based on Two-Year Measurements at an Urban Site in Beijing

Dome effect of black carbon and its key influencing factors: A one-dimensional modelling study

Characteristics of Particulate Matter during Haze and Fog (Pollution) Episodes over Northeast China, Autumn 2013

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