Atmospheric water harvesting: A review of techniques, performance, renewable energy solutions, and feasibility

Fundamentals and Applications of Surface Wetting

“…The Earth's atmosphere holds a substantial amount of fresh water, ∼12 900 km 3 , which can be found in either liquid (fog droplets) or in the gaseous phase. 296 Water in liquid form is commonly observed in nature on plant leaves (Figure 13a(i)), spider webs (Figure 13a(ii)), and other surfaces, as a result of the impact-led adhesion of fog microdroplets present in the air. This phenomenon can be used to harvest randomly moving fog droplets in an arid environment by fabricating large-sized mesh surfaces (Figure 13a(iii)).…”

“…Accomplishing the declared sustainable development goals by 2030 necessitates an immediate and comprehensive global response. ,, Nevertheless, the global community still lags significantly in achieving its clean water objectives. The Earth’s atmosphere holds a substantial amount of fresh water, ∼12 900 km 3 , which can be found in either liquid (fog droplets) or in the gaseous phase . Water in liquid form is commonly observed in nature on plant leaves (Figure a­(i)), spider webs (Figure a­(ii)), and other surfaces, as a result of the impact-led adhesion of fog microdroplets present in the air.…”

Alginate Biopolymeric Coated Heat Exchanger for Atmospheric Water Harvesting

“…In commonly reported AWH techniques, it is necessary to lower the air temperature below the dew point, typically with refrigerant cooling or thermoelectric coolers. Such systems are generally operational in humid environments because they lose efficiency and daily productivity in dry environments, with electricity consumption exceeding 1 kWh/L. ,− …”

Guar Gum-Based Macroporous Hygroscopic Polymer for Efficient Atmospheric Water Harvesting

“…In recent years, the technology has received increasing attention from researchers aiming to address the increasingly severe global water scarcity crisis. − SAWH has been inspired by solar interface evaporation − and passive radiative cooling, − which has been rapidly developed. Its basic principle is to use hygroscopic materials to spontaneously collect atmosphere moisture and store it inside the materials, effectively use sunlight to generate heat and as a driving force to promote the release of water vapor in the hygroscopic material, and finally convert the water vapor into droplets through direct condensation or other technical means to complete the collection of atmosphere moisture. , With the rapid development of SAWH, it has been gradually applied to agricultural irrigation − and human life. , …”