Atom-Chip Fountain Gravimeter

Abend, Sven; Gebbe, Martina; Gersemann, Matthias; Ahlers, Holger; Müntinga, Hauke; Giese, Enno; Gaaloul, Naceur; Schubert, Christian; Lämmerzahl, Cláus; Ertmer, W.; Schleich, Wolfgang P.; Rasel, Ernst M.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.117.203003

Cited by 170 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Atom interferometers [1,2] have demonstrated excellent performance in measuring gravity [3][4][5][6], gravity gradients [7][8][9] and rotations [10][11][12], using atoms in ballistic flight. In spite of being less well developed, trapped atom interferometers, for example using atom chips, [13,14], would render the interrogation time independent of the atom's flight, permitting miniaturization and possibly longer measurement times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the role of trap symmetry in an atom-chip interferometer above the Bose–Einstein condensation threshold

et al. 2018

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We report the experimental study of an atom-chip interferometer using ultracold rubidium 87 atoms above the Bose-Einstein condensation threshold. The observed dependence of the contrast decay time with temperature and with the degree of symmetry of the traps during the interferometer sequence is in good agreement with theoretical predictions published in Dupont-Nivet et al (2016 New J. Phys. 18 113012). These results pave the way for precision measurements with trapped thermal atoms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the role of trap symmetry in an atom-chip interferometer above the Bose–Einstein condensation threshold

et al. 2018

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“…Notwithstanding the fact that we still do not have a complete understanding of quantum gravity [28] we have come a long way since the early Salecker-Wigner discussions but many questions remain. Indeed, goals such as gravitational wave detection or a compact gravimeter [29] based on atom optics drive the strive for higher sensitivity of these devices.…”

Section: Drive For Enhanced Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

T 3-Interferometer for atoms

et al. 2017

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The quantum mechanical propagator of a massive particle in a linear gravitational potential derived already in 1927 by Earle H. Kennard [2, 3] contains a phase that scales with the third power of the time T during which the particle experiences the corresponding force. Since in conventional atom interferometers the internal atomic states are all exposed to the same acceleration a, this T 3 -phase cancels out and the interferometer phase scales as T 2 . In contrast, by applying an external magnetic field we prepare two different accelerations a 1 and a 2 for two internal states of the atom, which translate themselves into two different cubic phases and the resulting interferometer phase scales as T 3 . We present the theoretical background for, and summarize our progress towards experimentally realizing such a novel atom interferometer.

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“…In research, different levitated systems are being explored to push into unexplored levels of sensitivity. This includes the demonstration of a record force sensitivity of 4 × 10 , and matter-wave interferometry using clouds of atoms with a sensitivity of ∼ 10 −9 g/ √ Hz [26,27].In this Letter, we aim at exploiting the exquisite isolation from the environment provided by magnetic levitation in a cryogenic environment. In particular, we propose an all-magnetic passively-levitated sensor that can be scaled over a broad range of sizes and is predicted to reach unprecedented ultra-high force and inertial sensitivities of 10 −23 N/ √ Hz and 10 −14 g/ √ Hz, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In research, different levitated systems are being explored to push into unexplored levels of sensitivity. This includes the demonstration of a record force sensitivity of 4 × 10 −22 N/ √ Hz with an ion crystal [14], the use of optically levitated dielectric nanospheres [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] as novel force sensors with promising sensitivities [22][23][24] of 2 × 10 −20 N/ √ Hz [25], and matter-wave interferometry using clouds of atoms with a sensitivity of ∼ 10 −9 g/ √ Hz [26,27].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ultrasensitive Inertial and Force Sensors with Diamagnetically Levitated Magnets

et al. 2017

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We theoretically show that a magnet can be stably levitated on top of a punctured superconductor sheet in the Meissner state without applying any external field. The trapping potential created by such induced-only superconducting currents is characterized for magnetic spheres ranging from tens of nanometers to tens of millimeters. Such a diamagnetically levitated magnet is predicted to be extremely well isolated from the environment. We therefore propose to use it as an ultrasensitive force and inertial sensor. A magnetomechanical read-out of its displacement can be performed by using superconducting quantum interference devices. An analysis using current technology shows that force and acceleration sensitivities on the order of 10 −23 N/ √ Hz (for a 100 nm magnet) and 10 −14 g/ √ Hz (for a 10 mm magnet) might be within reach in a cryogenic environment. Such unprecedented sensitivities can be used for a variety of purposes, from designing ultra-sensitive inertial sensors for technological applications (e.g. gravimetry, avionics, and space industry), to scientific investigations on measuring Casimir forces of magnetic origin and gravitational physics.Most modern force and inertial sensors are based on the response of a mechanical oscillator to an external perturbation. Such sensors find applications in a wide range of domains: from measuring accelerations in smartphones and automobiles [1] in present-day technology, to being used on the cutting edge of research for magnetic resonance force microscopy [2][3][4], mass spectroscopy at the single-molecule level [5], and measuring gravitational and Casimir physics at short distances [6][7][8][9][10]. Most force and inertial sensors are based on microfabricated clamped mechanical oscillators, whose sensitivity is ultimately limited by mechanical dissipation due to material and clamping losses [11]. Levitation offers a clear route to avoiding these loss mechanisms. Indeed, the most precise commercial accelerometers are based on levitated systems: the superconducting gravimeter, which levitates a superconducting centimeter-sized sphere in the mixed superconducting state to achieve acceleration sensitivities of 3.1 × 10 −10 g/ √ Hz [12], and the MicroStar accelerometer, which electrostatically levitates a centimeter-sized cube in space leading to 10 −11 g/ √ Hz [13]. In research, different levitated systems are being explored to push into unexplored levels of sensitivity. This includes the demonstration of a record force sensitivity of 4 × 10 , and matter-wave interferometry using clouds of atoms with a sensitivity of ∼ 10 −9 g/ √ Hz [26,27].In this Letter, we aim at exploiting the exquisite isolation from the environment provided by magnetic levitation in a cryogenic environment. In particular, we propose an all-magnetic passively-levitated sensor that can be scaled over a broad range of sizes and is predicted to reach unprecedented ultra-high force and inertial sensitivities of 10 −23 N/ √ Hz and 10 −14 g/ √ Hz, respectively. We show that a spherical particle with a per...

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Atom-Chip Fountain Gravimeter

Cited by 170 publications

References 60 publications

Experimental study of the role of trap symmetry in an atom-chip interferometer above the Bose–Einstein condensation threshold

Experimental study of the role of trap symmetry in an atom-chip interferometer above the Bose–Einstein condensation threshold

T 3-Interferometer for atoms

Ultrasensitive Inertial and Force Sensors with Diamagnetically Levitated Magnets

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