Atomic‐Level Metal Electrodeposition: Synthetic Strategies, Applications, and Catalytic Mechanism in Electrochemical Energy Conversion

Shi, Yixiang; Lee, Carmen; Tan, Xian Yi; Yang, Lan; Zhu, Qiang; Loh, Xianjun; Xu, Jianwei; Yan, Qingyu

doi:10.1002/sstr.202100185

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…16,17 High-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) imaging was used to detect the heavy atoms (Co, Mn, Ni, Ti, and Zr) as the contrast of the atom is proportional to its Z 1.7 (Z for the atomic number) in the HAADF mode of aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). 18,19 Figure 2 illustrates that the bulk structure of the material is well defined and layer-like, but the surface structures are disordered. Heavy atoms are found in both the TM layers and the Li layers near the surface although no heavy atoms can be observed in the Li layers in the bulk of the material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility to Improve the Stability of Lithium-Rich Layered Oxides by Surface Doping

Liu

Yang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Li-rich layer-structured oxides are considered promising cathode materials for their specific capacities above 250 mAh·g–1. However, the drawbacks such as poor rate performance, fast capacity fading, and the continuous transition metal (TM) migration into the Li layer hinder their commercial applications. To address these issues, surface doping of Ti and Zr was conducted to the Li- and Mn-rich layered oxide (LMR), Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2. The drop of the average discharge potentials of the Ti- and Zr-doped LMR was reduced by 593 and 346 mV in 100 cycles, respectively. With aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy, we clarified that Ti4+ and Zr4+ ions are located near the surface of the material, anchor the surface oxygen, and stabilize the LMR structure. The difference in the strengths of the Ti–O and Zr–O bonds and the doping-resultant electronic structures were determined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (SXAS), responsible for the electrochemical performance of surface-doped materials. These findings verify our modification strategies to enhance the cycling performances of the promising LMR cathode materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility to Improve the Stability of Lithium-Rich Layered Oxides by Surface Doping

Liu

Yang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Electrodeposition has become a common method for the synthesis of metal elements, but it is not easy to control the thickness and quantity of shells. Therefore, UPD is widely used as a more “intelligent” surface-limited electrodeposition method [ 59 ]. UPD is an excellent method for the preparation of core–shell structures, especially for the preparation of core–shell nanomaterials with ultra-thin shells or even monolayer shells.…”

Section: Factors Affecting the Orr Performances Of The Core-shell Str...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Noble Metal-Based Catalysts with Core-Shell Structure for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Progress and Prospective

Wang

Qin

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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With the deterioration of the ecological environment and the depletion of fossil energy, fuel cells, representing a new generation of clean energy, have received widespread attention. This review summarized recent progress in noble metal-based core–shell catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The novel testing methods, performance evaluation parameters and research methods of ORR were briefly introduced. The effects of the preparation method, temperature, kinds of doping elements and the number of shell layers on the ORR performances of noble metal-based core–shell catalysts were highlighted. The difficulties of mass production and the high cost of noble metal-based core–shell nanostructured ORR catalysts were also summarized. Thus, in order to promote the commercialization of noble metal-based core–shell catalysts, research directions and prospects on the further development of high performance ORR catalysts with simple synthesis and low cost are presented.

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“…The nucleation rate is mainly affected by the overpotential. 13 According to the related research on the electrocrystallization behavior of indium reported by domestic and foreign scholars, most of the discoveries were made to study the electrochemical behavior of indium alone. Pettit et al 14 studied that the adsorption kinetics of In on Mo was three-dimensional progressive nucleation by chronopotentiometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tin Ion on Electrodeposition Behavior of Indium

Hou

WANG

et al. 2022

Electrochemistry

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Electrorefining is an effective method for preparing high-purity indium. To realize the control of impurity Sn in crude indium electrolytic refining, electrochemical test methods, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), and chronoamperometry (CA) were mainly used to study the electrochemical behavior of indium. The results show that when a few of SnSO 4 was added to the electrolyte containing indium sulfate, in the meantime, the Sn 2+ concentration reached 5000 ppm, in the electrolysis process, the impurity Sn in the cathode was appeared to precipitate before the indium precipitated. The electrodeposition of indium was irreversible, controlled by diffusion steps, and In 3+ reduction was carried out by fractional steps, transferring one electron at a time. The diffusion coefficient of In 3+ calculated by cyclic voltammetry was 1.02 × 10 −7 cm 2 /s, and the average charge transfer coefficient was 0.081. The nucleation mechanism of indium conformed to three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation. The results provide theoretical guidance for electrolytic refining of crude indium and electrochemical regulation of impurities.

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Atomic‐Level Metal Electrodeposition: Synthetic Strategies, Applications, and Catalytic Mechanism in Electrochemical Energy Conversion

Cited by 43 publications

References 135 publications

Feasibility to Improve the Stability of Lithium-Rich Layered Oxides by Surface Doping

Feasibility to Improve the Stability of Lithium-Rich Layered Oxides by Surface Doping

Noble Metal-Based Catalysts with Core-Shell Structure for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Progress and Prospective

Effect of Tin Ion on Electrodeposition Behavior of Indium

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