Atomoxetine hydrochloride for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Caballero, Joshua; Nahata, Milap C.

doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(03)90092-0

Cited by 56 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…ADHD is characterized by attention deficits, hyperactivity and impulsivity, and atomoxetine significantly improves these symptoms in children and adults with ADHD. 1,2 In the central nervous system, cholinergic neurons modulate information flow in cortical and subcortical regions implicated in vigilance and cognition. In particular, sustained and selective attention and working memory depend upon the integral function of cortical and hippocampal cholinergic afferents (reviewed in Everitt and Robbins 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procholinergic and memory enhancing properties of the selective norepinephrine uptake inhibitor atomoxetine

et al. 2005

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Atomoxetine has been approved by the FDA as the first new drug in 30 years for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). As a selective norepinephrine uptake inhibitor and a nonstimulant, atomoxetine has a different mechanism of action from the stimulant drugs used up to now for the treatment of ADHD. Since brain acetylcholine (ACh) has been associated with memory, attention and motivation, processes dysregulated in ADHD, we investigated the effects of atomoxetine on cholinergic neurotransmission. We showed here that, in rats, atomoxetine (0.3-3 mg/kg, i.p.), -increases in vivo extracellular levels of ACh in cortical but not subcortical brain regions. The marked increase of cortical ACh induced by atomoxetine was dependent upon norepinephrine a-1 and/or dopamine D1 receptor activation. We observed similar increases in cortical and hippocampal ACh release with methylphenidate (1 and 3 mg/kg, i.p.) -currently the most commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of ADHD -and with the norepinephrine uptake inhibitor reboxetine (3-30 mg/kg, i.p.). Since drugs that increase cholinergic neurotransmission are used in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction and dementias, we also investigated the effects of atomoxetine on memory tasks. We showed that, consistent with its cortical procholinergic and catecholamine-enhancing profile, atomoxetine (1-3 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated performance in the object recognition test and the radial arm-maze test.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procholinergic and memory enhancing properties of the selective norepinephrine uptake inhibitor atomoxetine

et al. 2005

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“…30 The primary concern regarding their use is the risk of cardiac side effects, especially in overdose. Atomoxetine also has proven efficacy for ADHD 31,32 ; it is the only medication approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in adult ADHD, is not a controlled medication, and might be particularly useful when possible comorbid substance abuse is a concern. 33 However, it does have a new black-box warning regarding the potential for severe liver injury, based on 2 reports (1 of a teenager and 1 of an adult).…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Currents

Prudent¹,

Johnson²,

Carroll³

et al. 2005

Prim. Care Companion CNS Disord.

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“…The most common side effects reported in children and adolescents are abdominal pain, decreased appetite, vomiting, drowsiness, irritability, weakness, dizziness and dyspepsia [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%