Atrazine remediation in wetland microcosms

Runes, Heather B.; Bottomley, Peter J.; Lerch, Robert N.; Jenkins, Jeffrey J.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620200517

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In mesocosms planted with rice cutgrass [ Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw.] and broad‐leaf cattails ( Typha latifolia L.), Moore et al (2017) reported greater atrazine removal (51 ± 6.1% and 53 ± 1.9%, respectively) compared with unvegetated controls (28 ± 17%). Runes et al (2001) noted wetland microcosms, via sorption and degradation, were able to reduce atrazine concentrations in the water column. Runes et al (2003) also reported constructed wetlands were able to mitigate 16 to 24% of atrazine associated with nursery irrigation runoff.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding Wetland Mitigation: Can Rice Fields Remediate Pesticides in Agricultural Runoff?

2018

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Pesticides are responsible for nearly 1900 water quality impairments in the United States. Impacts of pesticide runoff on aquatic ecosystems can be mitigated by implementing management practices such as constructed wetlands, grass buffers, and vegetated ditches. A new practice currently being examined is the use of rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields for phytoremediation of pesticide‐contaminated water. Rice is cultivated on every continent except Antarctica and is the staple food crop of 20% of the world's population. Four flooded 244‐m2 fields (two planted with rice, two left bare) were amended with a mixture of atrazine (C8H14ClN5), diazinon (C12H21N2O3PS), and permethrin (C21H20Cl2O3) during a one‐time simulated storm event, and pesticide concentrations and loads were monitored in water, sediment, and plant samples. The experiment was repeated the following year. Significant differences were noted for mitigation of atrazine and diazinon loads in rice versus bare systems. Overall, atrazine loads in the water of rice systems decreased 85 ± 8% from inflow to outflow, while atrazine loads in the water of bare systems decreased 58 ± 7%. Similar patterns were seen for diazinon (86 ± 4% versus 62 ± 7%), cis‐permethrin (94 ± 2% versus 64 ± 12%), and trans‐permethrin (97 ± 2% versus 67 ± 14%). All three pesticides were found repeatedly sorbed to plant material in the inflow and outflow areas during the first year, while the second year resulted in much less plant‐pesticide contribution to overall mitigation. Further investigation is needed to compare rice's mitigation capacity of different pesticide classes, as well as potential transfer of pesticides to edible seeds. Core Ideas Atrazine and diazinon loads significantly decreased in systems containing rice. Permethrin loads decreased in rice systems but also sorbed to unvegetated sediment. Rice may have the potential to remove pesticides from water column and serve as a food crop.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding Wetland Mitigation: Can Rice Fields Remediate Pesticides in Agricultural Runoff?

2018

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“…Nominal concentrations of esfenvalerate in test solutions (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 g/L) were verified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry electron ionization using the method described in Runes et al [19]. In order to obtain sufficient sample for analysis of esfenvalerate at ppt levels, we prepared 33.25 L fortified at concentrations of 0.4, 0.2, and 0.1 g/L esfenvalerate, and 35.25 L at 0.05 g/L esfenvalerate.…”

Section: Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esfenvalerate-Induced Case-Abandonment in the Larvae of the Caddisfly Brachycentrus americanus

Johnson¹,

Jepson²,

Jenkins³

2007

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Field-collected Brachycentrus americanus Banks (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) larvae were used to investigate the relationship between esfenvalerate exposure and case-abandonment response, determine larval ability to construct a new case, and measure the change in predation risk to insects in rebuilt cases. We evaluated case-abandonment following four environmentally relevant esfenvalerate exposures, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 g/L; 48-h exposures to 0.2 and 0.4 g/L (nominal) esfenvalerate both resulted in over 60% of larvae abandoning cases and were statistically indistinguishable. Propensity to engage in building behaviors was significantly diminished in 0.2 and 0.4 g/L esfenvalerate-exposed insects that had abandoned cases, with less than 20% of exposed insects producing cases. Cases built by intoxicated larvae were characterized by a disorganized composition, and required half the pressure to crush versus cases built by nonexposed larvae. Pre-exposing case-building material to 1 g/L esfenvalerate also reduced the physical strength of rebuilt cases. Larvae inhabiting weaker rebuilt cases and larvae without cases were significantly more susceptible to predation by second year Hesperoperla pacifica Banks (Plecoptera: Perlidae) stonefly nymphs than those in original cases. Overall, we concluded that small behavioral responses can have profound consequences for survival of species and reveal susceptible stages in life-cycles that can be overlooked by conventional approaches to ecological risk assessment.

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“…Nominal concentrations of esfenvalerate in test solutions (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 μg/L) were verified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry electron ionization using the method described in Runes et al [19]. In order to obtain sufficient sample for analysis of esfenvalerate at ppt levels, we prepared 33.25 L fortified at concentrations of 0.4, 0.2, and 0.1 μg/L esfenvalerate, and 35.25 L at 0.05 μg/L esfenvalerate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esfenvalerate‐induced case‐abandonment in the larvae of the caddisfly (Brachycentrus americanus)

Johnson

Jepson

Jenkins

2008

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Field-collected Brachycentrus americanus Banks (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) larvae were used to investigate the relationship between esfenvalerate exposure and case-abandonment response, determine larval ability to construct a new case, and measure the change in predation risk to insects in rebuilt cases. We evaluated case-abandonment following four environmentally relevant esfenvalerate exposures, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 microg/L; 48-h exposures to 0.2 and 0.4 microg/L (nominal) esfenvalerate both resulted in over 60% of larvae abandoning cases and were statistically indistinguishable. Propensity to engage in building behaviors was significantly diminished in 0.2 and 0.4 microg/L esfenvalerate-exposed insects that had abandoned cases, with less than 20% of exposed insects producing cases. Cases built by intoxicated larvae were characterized by a disorganized composition, and required half the pressure to crush versus cases built by nonexposed larvae. Pre-exposing case-building material to 1 microg/L esfenvalerate also reduced the physical strength of rebuilt cases. Larvae inhabiting weaker rebuilt cases and larvae without cases were significantly more susceptible to predation by second year Hesperoperla pacifica Banks (Plecoptera: Perlidae) stonefly nymphs than those in original cases. Overall, we concluded that small behavioral responses can have profound consequences for survival of species and reveal susceptible stages in life-cycles that can be overlooked by conventional approaches to ecological risk assessment.

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Atrazine remediation in wetland microcosms

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Expanding Wetland Mitigation: Can Rice Fields Remediate Pesticides in Agricultural Runoff?

Expanding Wetland Mitigation: Can Rice Fields Remediate Pesticides in Agricultural Runoff?

Esfenvalerate-Induced Case-Abandonment in the Larvae of the Caddisfly Brachycentrus americanus

Esfenvalerate‐induced case‐abandonment in the larvae of the caddisfly (Brachycentrus americanus)

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