Atrial Fibrillation and Aortic Ectasia as Complications of Primary Aldosteronism: Focus on Pathophysiological Aspects

Bollati, Martina; Lopez, Chiara; Bioletto, Fabio; Ponzetto, Federico; Ghigo, Ezio; Maccario, Mauro; Parasiliti-Caprino, Mirko

doi:10.3390/ijms23042111

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Familial type III hyperaldosteronism is caused by KCNJ5 variants which disrupt ion channel selectivity, resulting in excess aldosterone synthesis, which can contribute to cardiac pathology [ 22 ]. Specifically, patients with primary hyperaldosteronism are at increased risk of AF [ 74 ] ( Figure 2 ). While evidence has suggested a role for KCNJ5 in the pathophysiology of AF, it could be possible that KCNJ5 variants contribute to the pathogenesis of AF as a result of cardiovascular changes due to primary hyperaldosteronism.…”

Section: Complexities Of Kcnj5 In Cardiovascular D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of KCNJ5 in Pathologies of Heart Disease

Malhotra

Kwak

Refaey

2023

IJMS

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Abnormalities in G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels have been implicated in diseased states of the cardiovascular system; however, the role of GIRK4 (Kir3.4) in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology has yet to be completely understood. Within the heart, the KACh channel, consisting of two GIRK1 and two GIRK4 subunits, plays a major role in modulating the parasympathetic nervous system’s influence on cardiac physiology. Being that GIRK4 is necessary for the functional KACh channel, KCNJ5, which encodes GIRK4, it presents as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular pathology. Human variants in KCNJ5 have been identified in familial hyperaldosteronism type III, long QT syndrome, atrial fibrillation, and sinus node dysfunction. Here, we explore the relevance of KCNJ5 in each of these diseases. Further, we address the limitations and complexities of discerning the role of KCNJ5 in cardiovascular pathophysiology, as identical human variants of KCNJ5 have been identified in several diseases with overlapping pathophysiology.

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Section: Complexities Of Kcnj5 In Cardiovascular D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of KCNJ5 in Pathologies of Heart Disease

Malhotra

Kwak

Refaey

2023

IJMS

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“…Varfarinamonitoramento frequente do estado de coagulação 85 , DOACs (apixabana, dabigatrana, edoxabana, rivaroxabana) -Mais manejáveis e seguros do que a varfarina 85 .…”

Section: Anticoagulaçãounclassified

Os Diferentes Tipos De Arritmia Cardíaca E Seus Métodos De Tratamento Mais Usuais

Souza¹,

Caldeira²,

Castello³

et al. 2023

Cardiologia Em Foco: Prevenção, Diagnóstico E Tratamentos Atuais

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Resumo Arritmias cardíacas são alterações que ocorrem no ritmo normal do coração. Elas podem ser benignas ou graves, acometendo indivíduos de todas as idades. Várias causas são atribuídas aos episódios arrítmicos, incluindo doenças cardíacas, problemas metabólicos, estresse e uso de drogas. Seus sintomas podem variar, mas os mais comuns incluem palpitações, tonturas, desmaios, falta de ar e dor no peito. O tratamento para arritmias pode incluir medicação, mudanças no estilo de vida e procedimentos médicos, como cardioversão elétrica, ablação por cateter, marca-passo e desfibrilador cardioversor implantável. O tratamento escolhido dependerá do tipo e da gravidade da arritmia, da idade e do estado de saúde geral da pessoa, sendo, nesse caso, o conhecimento seus diferentes tipos e das principais descobertas relacionadas ao seu diagnóstico e tratamento relevantes para a prevenção de quadros mais graves.

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“…Warfarin: Frequent monitoring of coagulation state (INR) and DOACs (apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, rivaroxaban): More manageable and safer than warfarin [43].…”

Section: Anticoagulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Pathophysiology and Management of Atrial Fibrillation"

Bereda¹

2022

BJSTR

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Atrial fibrillation is a common supraventricular arrhythmia which affects approximately 1% to 4% of the global population. Atrial fibrillation is more common in older individuals; the prevalence of AF increases sharply in those over 80 years old. Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrythmia and is associated with costly cardiovascular morbidity such as stroke and heart failure. Inflammation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various cardiac, as well as non-cardiac, diseases that are comorbid with atrial fibrillation. Heart failure and cardiomyopathy are associated with a 4-6-fold increase in atrial fibrillation prevalence. Inflammation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure and modulates the cell signaling activation patterns associated with fibrosis, apoptosis and hypertrophy; these are all forms of cardiac remodeling that, when they occur at the atrial level, predispose to atrial fibrillation. Rhythm control strategy should be preferred in symptomatic patients due to paroxysmal pattern of atrial fibrillation and the presence of a hyperdynamic circulation. β-blockers is effective in reducing symptoms when rhythm control is not possible Indicated also for HF; Calcium channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem): Effective in reducing symptoms when rhythm control is not possible and Digoxin: Second line therapy when β-blockers or calcium channel blockers are not tolerated.

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Atrial Fibrillation and Aortic Ectasia as Complications of Primary Aldosteronism: Focus on Pathophysiological Aspects

Cited by 9 publications

References 96 publications

Relevance of KCNJ5 in Pathologies of Heart Disease

Relevance of KCNJ5 in Pathologies of Heart Disease

Os Diferentes Tipos De Arritmia Cardíaca E Seus Métodos De Tratamento Mais Usuais

"Pathophysiology and Management of Atrial Fibrillation"

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