Attachment Style, Spirituality, and Depressive Symptoms Among Individuals in Substance Abuse Treatment

Associations Between Spirituality, Meaning in Life, and Depressive Disorders Among a Sample of Individuals in Treatment for Substance-Use Disorders

“…The existential wellbeing scale, however, contains more questions than the MLQ scale and therefore provides a more detailed assessment about meaning in life, thus providing more robust results than the MLQ. In addition, the finding that religious well-being was not a significant predictor of symptom levels for these disorders was not surprising given the study by Diaz et al (2014) in which similar results were reported.…”

“…That is, they found that respondents reporting higher levels of existential purpose and meaning in life reported lower levels of depressive symptoms but, surprisingly, those reporting higher levels of connectedness to God also reported higher levels of depressive symptoms. A later study by this same group did not find this counterintuitive relationship between connectedness to God and depressive symptomatology (Diaz, Horton, & Malloy, 2014).…”

Exploring Relationships between Adult Attachment, Spirituality and Personality Disorder Traits among Individuals in In-patient Treatment for Substance Use Disorders

“…Fernander, et al (2004) reported the reliability of the scale as .94 for the RWB and .82 for the EWB subscale, respectively, in a sample of 661 incarcerated African American and White males with previous history of drug use. Similarly, Diaz et al (2014) reported Cronbach alphas of .91, .94, and .86 for the SWB, RWB, and EWB, respectively, in a sample of individuals attending a residential substance abuse treatment center. Cronbach's alphas for the current sample were .93 and .89 for the RWB, and EWB, respectively.…”

“…Similarly, other researchers reported that one-year abstinence was associated with private spiritual practices and existential well-being (Piderman, Schneekloth, Pankratz, Stevens, & Altchuler, 2008). A recent study explored the relationships between two factors known to be protective against both depressive symptoms and SUDspirituality and attachment style (Diaz, Horton & Malloy, 2014). Findings revealed that levels of both spirituality and attachment style were predictive of depressive symptomatology among their sample of individuals in residential treatment for substance use issues; higher levels of existential purpose and meaning and secure attachment style were predictive of lower levels of depressive symptomatology.…”

“…The scores of this scale are summative. The SWB has been used to assess spiritual well-being among individuals with substance use disorders (Diaz, et al, 2014;Fernander, Wilson, Staton, & Leukfeld, 2004;Saunders, Lucas, & Kuras, 2007) and has demonstrated good psychometric properties with alpha coefficients of .97 and .90 and a test-retest coefficient of .93 and .80 for the RWB and EWB, respectively (Saunders, Lucas & Kuras, 2007). Fernander, et al (2004) reported the reliability of the scale as .94 for the RWB and .82 for the EWB subscale, respectively, in a sample of 661 incarcerated African American and White males with previous history of drug use.…”