Attaining High Functional Performance in Biodegradable Mg-Alloys: An Overview of Challenges and Prospects for the Mg-Zn-Ca System

Vinogradov, Alexei; Merson, Evgeniy; Myagkikh, Pavel; Linderov, Mikhail; Brilevsky, Alexander; Мерсон, Д. Л.

doi:10.3390/ma16031324

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 226 publications

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“…Magnesium alloys are known to have a small Young's modulus of 45 GPa, which is close to the natural bone Young's modulus of 3 GPa-20 GPa [44]. As a result, the stress shielding caused by the significant mechanical mismatch between the femur and prosthesis can be reduced [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biomechanical Effects of the Porous Structure of Gyroid and Voronoi Hip Implants: A Finite Element Analysis Using an Experimentally Validated Model

et al. 2023

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Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is most likely one of the most successful surgical procedures in medicine. It is estimated that three in four patients live beyond the first post-operative year, so appropriate surgery is needed to alleviate an otherwise long-standing suboptimal functional level. However, research has shown that during a complete THA procedure, a solid hip implant inserted in the femur can damage the main arterial supply of the cortex and damage the medullary space, leading to cortical bone resorption. Therefore, this study aimed to design a porous hip implant with a focus on providing more space for better osteointegration, improving the medullary revascularisation and blood circulation of patients. Based on a review of the literature, a lightweight implant design was developed by applying topology optimisation and changing the materials of the implant. Gyroid and Voronoi lattice structures and a solid hip implant (as a control) were designed. In total, three designs of hip implants were constructed by using SolidWorks and nTopology software version 2.31. Point loads were applied at the x, y and z-axis to imitate the stance phase condition. The forces represented were x = 320 N, y = −170 N, and z = −2850 N. The materials that were used in this study were titanium alloys. All of the designs were then simulated by using Marc Mentat software version 2020 (MSC Software Corporation, Munich, Germany) via a finite element method. Analysis of the study on topology optimisation demonstrated that the Voronoi lattice structure yielded the lowest von Mises stress and displacement values, at 313.96 MPa and 1.50 mm, respectively, with titanium alloys as the materials. The results also indicate that porous hip implants have the potential to be implemented for hip implant replacement, whereby the mechanical integrity is still preserved. This result will not only help orthopaedic surgeons to justify the design choices, but could also provide new insights for future studies in biomechanics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biomechanical Effects of the Porous Structure of Gyroid and Voronoi Hip Implants: A Finite Element Analysis Using an Experimentally Validated Model

et al. 2023

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“…It is imperative to scrutinize and apply locally available materials for SCC production. The findings of this research are anticipated to guide future researchers [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

A Review of Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Waste Materials

Okokpujie,

Kelechi,

Tartibu

2023

ACSM

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As environmental concerns gain prominence worldwide, the significance of sustainable building practices cannot be understated. The burgeoning production of waste annually exacerbates these concerns, with projections indicating a likely increase in volume and corresponding environmental pollution. This review study offers a sustainable approach to address this issue by exploring the potential of waste materials, namely, calcium carbide waste (CCW), crumb rubber (CR), and fly ash (FA), in the redevelopment of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC). A comprehensive literature review was undertaken, encompassing several key areas: the properties of SCC, the influence of CCW on concrete workability, setting and strength (compressive, tensile, and flexural), and the characteristics of SCC incorporating crumb rubber. A detailed examination of design methodologies for SCC was conducted, including the Japanese design method, the European guidelines for SCC mixed design approach, and the mixed design according to BS EN 206:2013. Acceptance criteria for SCC set by various institutions were also evaluated, along with the composition and classification of rubber aggregates. Findings from the review suggest that CCW is a viable partial substitute for cement and cementitious materials in SCC. The consistency, along with the initial and final setting times of cement, exhibited an increase with the inclusion of FA and CCW. It is recommended that future studies consider up to a 50% FA content to produce grade 40 High Volume Fly Ash Self-Compacting Concrete (HVFA-SCC) with CCW and crumb rubber. This approach not only advances sustainable building practices but also proposes a novel solution for waste management.

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“…Similarly, the effect of HF-treatment or fluoride coatings on corrosion and SCC behavior of Mg-Zn-Ca (ZX) alloys has not been reported so far. The alloys of ZX class have been recognized among the most promising materials for biodegradable implants [54][55][56][57]. Thus, the effect of the HF-treatment on corrosion and SCC performance of Mg-Zn-Ca alloy is of primary interest of the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Improving Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking Performance of Machined Biodegradable Alloy ZX20 by HF-Treatment

Merson,

Poluyanov,

Myagkikh

et al. 2023

Metals

Self Cite

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The treatment with hydrofluoric acid (HF-treatment) was suggested to be an effective way of improving the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys, including Mg-Zn-Ca (ZX) ones used for biodegradable implants. However, the effect of the HF-treatment on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of ZX alloys has not been reported yet, although this phenomenon can induce premature brittle failures of the metallic medical devices, and thus, it is critical for their in-service structural integrity. In the present study, the effect of the HF-treatment on the microstructure, cytotoxicity, corrosion rate, mechanical properties, and fracture and side surface characteristics of the as-cast ZX20 alloy were investigated with the use of scanning electron microscopy, immersion, and slow-strain rate tensile testing in Hanks’ solution and indirect cell viability tests. It is found that the HF-treatment exerts no cytotoxic effect and results in a significant reduction in corrosion rate (up to 6 times of magnitude) and SCC susceptibility indexes (up to 1.5 times of magnitude). The observed improvement of corrosion and SCC performance of the alloy by the HF-treatment is found to be attributed to three effects, including (i) formation of the protective surface film of MgF2, (ii) removal of surficial contaminations originating from sample preparation procedures, and (iii) dissolution of surficial secondary phase particles. The mechanism of corrosion and SCC in the specimens before and after the HF-treatment are discussed.

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Attaining High Functional Performance in Biodegradable Mg-Alloys: An Overview of Challenges and Prospects for the Mg-Zn-Ca System

Cited by 13 publications

References 226 publications

Biomechanical Effects of the Porous Structure of Gyroid and Voronoi Hip Implants: A Finite Element Analysis Using an Experimentally Validated Model

Biomechanical Effects of the Porous Structure of Gyroid and Voronoi Hip Implants: A Finite Element Analysis Using an Experimentally Validated Model

A Review of Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Waste Materials

Improving Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking Performance of Machined Biodegradable Alloy ZX20 by HF-Treatment

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