Attentional bias for food cues in binge eating disorder

Schmitz, Florian; Naumann, Eva; Trentowska, Monika; Svaldi, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.04.023

Cited by 117 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Results suggested that individuals with BED demonstrated an increased automatic orientation bias towards food cues compared to the control group; however, both groups demonstrated a bias in sustained attention toward food cues (71). A second study, using a free exploration paradigm, found that overweight and obese individuals with BED gazed longer on food stimuli compared to overweight and obese individuals without BED and normal weight controls (69).…”

Section: Attentional Bias To Food Cues and Binge Eating Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study examined attentional bias to food cues using two cognitive tasks (a clarification task and a spatial cueing paradigm) in adults with BED compared to a weight-matched control group (71). Results suggested that individuals with BED demonstrated an increased automatic orientation bias towards food cues compared to the control group; however, both groups demonstrated a bias in sustained attention toward food cues (71).…”

Section: Attentional Bias To Food Cues and Binge Eating Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attentional Bias to Food Cues in Youth with Loss of Control Eating

Shank¹

2016

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Section: Attentional Bias To Food Cues and Binge Eating Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Attentional Bias To Food Cues and Binge Eating Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional Bias to Food Cues in Youth with Loss of Control Eating

Shank¹

2016

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“…by testing correlations) if craving and/or hunger is associated with attention biases for food. Of the thirty reviewed studies, eleven measured craving (46,48,50,51,59,61,62,68,(72)(73)(74) and seventeen assessed hunger (19,44,(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)54,58,(60)(61)(62)(63)65,68,69,72) (with an overlap in seven studies assessing both). Eleven of these studies tested the relation of attention bias and craving or hunger statistically.…”

Section: Attention Bias For Food and Cravingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies (n 6) reported a positive association of an early attention process (e.g. direction bias) with selfreported craving or hunger (19,44,46,(48)(49)(50) . Only two studies reported null findings for correlations of an early attention component and craving (51) and/or hunger (47,51) .…”

Section: Attention Bias For Food and Cravingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worry or craving? A selective review of evidence for food-related attention biases in obese individuals, eating-disorder patients, restrained eaters and healthy samples

2014

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Living in an 'obesogenic' environment poses a serious challenge for weight maintenance. However, many people are able to maintain a healthy weight indicating that not everybody is equally susceptible to the temptations of this food environment. The way in which someone perceives and reacts to food cues, that is, cognitive processes, could underlie differences in susceptibility. An attention bias for food could be such a cognitive factor that contributes to overeating. However, an attention bias for food has also been implicated with restrained eating and eating-disorder symptomatology. The primary aim of the present review was to determine whether an attention bias for food is specifically related to obesity while also reviewing evidence for attention biases in eating-disorder patients, restrained eaters and healthy-weight individuals. Another aim was to systematically examine how selective attention for food relates (causally) to eating behaviour. Current empirical evidence on attention bias for food within obese samples, eating-disorder patients, and, even though to a lesser extent, in restrained eaters is contradictory. However, present experimental studies provide relatively consistent evidence that an attention bias for food contributes to subsequent food intake. This review highlights the need to distinguish not only between different (temporal) attention bias components, but also to take different motivations (craving v. worry) and their impact on attentional processing into account. Overall, the current state of research suggests that biased attention could be one important cognitive mechanism by which the food environment tempts us into overeating.Attention bias: Obesity: Craving: Restrained eating: Eating disorder Surrounded by an 'obesogenic' food environment?Obesity and overweight constitute a serious risk for psychological and physical wellbeing (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) . The WHO estimates that 2·8 million people die each year due to the adverse consequences of overweight and obesity (7,8) . Ultimately, obesity is caused by a long-lasting imbalance of energy intake and energy expenditure. This imbalance is mainly caused by excessive food intake (9,10) . Our 'obesogenic' food environment is characterised by an abundance of palatable, high-energy, cheap and convenient food that is constantly available and promoted aggressively (11,12) . Living in such an environment poses a serious challenge for maintaining a healthy weight. However, the majority of individuals have a healthy weight suggesting that not everybody is equally susceptible to the temptations of this obesogenic food environment. What explains these apparent individual differences in susceptibility? One hypothesis is that certain people find high-energy food more attractive and that this increased 'hedonic hunger' (13) leads to craving and (over)eating thereby contributing to weight gain and obesity. Cognitive processes (i.e. the way in which someone processes and perceives food temptations),

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“…A reduced ability to recognize internal signals is strongly correlated with binge eating [16]. Those with binge eating show an attentional bias for food cues [17].…”

Section: Adolescent Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%