Attitude and Utilization of Non-Pharmacological Labor Pain Management among Obstetrics Care Providers in Harari Regional State Health Facilities, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: In a woman’s life, labor pain is the most severe pain that they have ever face. In Ethiopia, the provision of pain relief in labor is often neglected. Furthermore, evidence strongly urged that further research is needed on non-pharmacological labor pain management. Therefore, healthcare providers’ attitudes and utilization of non-pharmacological labor pain management need to be assessed. Method: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 20 to June 10, 2021, in Harari regional state health facilities, Ethiopia. All obstetric caregivers in Harari regional state health facilities were included in the study. A structured questionnaire adapted from the previous studies was used to collect data. The data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 statistical software. Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS for windows version 22. Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to determine the association between independent variables and the outcome variable.Result: The overall utilization of non-pharmacological labor pain relief methods was 59.3% [(95% CI (53.9,63.4)]. Three hundred five (65.5%) of the study participants had unfavorable attitudes. Females compared to males (β= -0.420; 95% CI: -0.667, -0.173), clinical experience (β= -0.201; 95% CI: -0.268, -0.134), knowledge sum score (β =0.227: 95%; CI: 0.18,0.247), and attitude sum score (β=0.376; 95% CI: 0.283, 0.47) were showed significantly association with utilization of non-pharmacological labor pain management.Conclusion: The overall utilization of non-pharmacological labor pain relief methods was relatively good compared to other studies done in Ethiopia but all women’s need for labor relief methods should not be ignored. In this study sex of the respondents, clinical experience, individual preference, attitude and knowledge were factors associated with utilization of non-pharmacological labor pain management. All stake holds need to work together to improve the attitude of health providers and to increase utilization of non-pharmacologic labor pain management.

Childbirth Preparation: Knowledge of the Use of Non-Pharmacological Pain Relief Methods during Childbirth in Tshwane District, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The Likert scale questions also measured varying levels of agreement and disagreement. The questionnaire was developed based on the existing literature and piloted in one of the selected district hospitals to ensure validity and reliability [ 11 , 14 , 15 , 18 ]. The questionnaire was divided into sections, including demographic information (5 items), knowledge of non-pharmacological pain relief methods (11 items), types of non-pharmacological methods (12 items), effectiveness of ANC (4 items) and suggestions for pain relief methods which consisted of (3 items).…”

“…As a result, various childbirth education approaches have included non-pharmacological techniques [ 13 ]. Non-pharmacological options include emotional support, directed breathing and relaxation techniques, massage, labouring in water and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) [ 5 , 14 ]. Additionally, the authors of [ 4 ] indicated that non-pharmacological interventions include cognitive behavioural therapy, relaxation therapy, biofeedback, patient education, self-management and social support interventions.…”