Attitudes of Iraqi society towards the role of community pharmacists

Ibrahim, Inas Rifaat; Tukmagi, Haydar F. Al; Wayyes, Abdulrasoul

doi:10.24926/iip.v4i2.296

Cited by 27 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This confirms previous findings of earlier surveys from other developing countries8,19,25 This might be due to some bad experiences witnessed by the participants with some pharmacists, or a public lack of knowledge about the pharmacists’ potentials, expertise and the variety of services they can deliver at their pharmacies. The Lebanese Order of Pharmacists can play an essential role in educating the public about the ease of pharmacist’s availability, expertise and educational knowledge.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Same applies for the level of expectation index (score between 0 and 11), barriers for asking questions (score between 0 and 7), the patient’s pharmacy experience (score between 0 and 9) and the reason for visiting the pharmacy (score between 0 and 12) (see attached questionnaire). The questionnaire was adopted from similar studies done at different Middle Eastern and European countries and tailored according to the conceptual model dimensions perceptions, expectations and reactions 1,8,9,11-15,19,26…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community pharmacy in Lebanon: A societal perspective

Iskandar

Hallit

Raad

et al. 2017

Pharm Pract (Granada)

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Objective:To assess patients’ attitudes towards the community pharmacist’s role and determine their negative and positive reactions towards community pharmacists in Lebanon.Methods:A cross-sectional study, conducted between January and April 2016, was designed to assess the general public satisfaction with the services provided by the community pharmacies. It was carried out, using a proportionate random sampling of Lebanese community pharmacies from each district. Two sided statistical tests were used to compare between group percentages, Wilcoxon test for quantitative variables with non-homogeneous variances or non-normal distribution, and Student’s t-test for quantitative variables of normal distribution and homogeneous variances. The ANOVA test was used to compare between three groups or more, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to correlate between quantitative variables.Results:a total of 565 participants completely answered the survey questions with a response rate of 94%. The bivariate analysis showed that the patient perception index was positively and significantly correlated with the patient level of expectation index, the overall pharmacy experience and the patient’s reason for visiting the pharmacy (p<0.001 for all 3 variables) but was negatively correlated with the barriers for asking questions significantly (p=0.032). On the other hand, this perception index was significantly and positively associated with the number of pharmacy visits, the age categories, the level of education and the family monthly income (p<0.05 for all variables).Conclusion:Public perception and attitude toward community pharmacist in Lebanon is poor despite highly qualified pharmacists. Aspects of pharmacy services most relevant to patients were respect, empathy, a friendly staff, listening carefully, giving quality time, responding quickly to their needs and respecting their privacy. The ministry of Health in Lebanon, along with the Lebanese Order of Pharmacists should educate the pharmacist about working on the different issues patients are complaining about in order to play a more important role in the society and become the number one trusted health care professional.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community pharmacy in Lebanon: A societal perspective

Iskandar

Hallit

Raad

et al. 2017

Pharm Pract (Granada)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In Taiwan, a study showed that about one third of the public trusted pharmacists and consulted them as first professionals for answers about the use of medications [15] . In contrast, studies conducted in the Middle Eastern region, i.e., United Arab Emirates (UAE), Iraq, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar showed relatively negative attitude towards the current role of the community pharmacist and a poor understanding of the expanded new roles of community pharmacists [8,[16][17][18][19][20] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The negative perceptions could be attributed to the way in which pharmacists approach and communicate with patients, which is of significant importance for the pharmacist's image and patient satisfaction [18] . Furthermore, community pharmacies are typically privately owned for-profit businesses and patients often perceive community pharmacists to be more oriented toward commercial matters rather than being focused on patient care and health care delivery [8,[16][17][18][19][20] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Perceptions, Expectations, and Views of Community Pharmacy Practice in Kuwait

2017

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Objectives: This study was designed to determine public patterns for use of community pharmacies, perceptions of pharmacists, confidence and trust in pharmacists, and expectations about the pharmacist's roles, and to explore the public views and satisfaction with the current pharmacy services. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was performed using a pretested self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 481 individuals selected using a 2-stage stratified cluster sampling design. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The most common reasons for visiting a pharmacy were to purchase medications (prescription: n = 338 [78.1%] and nonprescription: n = 296 [68.4%]). Of the 433 respondents, 87 believed that pharmacists had a good balance between health and business matters; regarding any drug-related problem, 229 (52.9%) identified the physician as the first person to contact, followed by the pharmacist (n = 140; 32.3%); 255 (58.9%) agreed that they trust pharmacists, while 237 (54.8%) agreed that pharmacists have the ability to answer drug- or disease-related questions. Of the 433 respondents, 236 (54.5%) did not expect the pharmacist's role to include monitoring health progress to ensure safe and effective use of medications, and 258 (59.6%) were satisfied with the current pharmacy services. Conclusion: The current study indicated that respondents had overall negative perceptions of community pharmacists, expressed moderate expectations of their role, and viewed the current pharmacy services as slightly positive. These findings highlight the need for designing multifaceted interventions targeting specific areas to advance the community pharmacy practice in Kuwait.

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“…For this purpose, the OPL organizes continuing education conferences held all in Beirut, which creates a problem for pharmacists in regions outside the capital who find difficulties in transportation and time12; Thus the necessity of more decentralized lectures and seminars about up-to-date information for community pharmacists. Furthermore, studies have shown that pharmacies who apply integrated medication therapy management program, like the case of the United States, have improved patient outcomes 13,14,15,16,17…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Situation analysis of community pharmacy owners in Lebanon

Hallit

Zeenny

Sili

et al. 2017

Pharm Pract (Granada)

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Objective:To evaluate the current community pharmacists’ interventions and job satisfaction, secondary to the alteration in the financial rewards.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out, using a proportionate random sample of Lebanese community pharmacy owners from all districts of Lebanon.Results:Out of 1618 distributed questionnaires, 1465 (90.5%) were collected back from pharmacy owners. Our study results showed that the monthly sales and profit decreased significantly in the last decade as well as the number of loyal customers (p<0.001 for all). The rent, the total assistant pharmacists’ and employees’ salaries, income taxes, municipality fees, the total bills (electricity, water, cleaning, security) and the disposal of expired products per year significantly increased during the last 10 years (p<0.001). 95% of the owners said they cannot afford to hire any more pharmacists while 45% said they cannot afford buying software for their pharmacies. Finally, 89% of these owners admitted that their situation was better 10 years ago compared to nowadays.Conclusion:Most Lebanese community pharmacists are not financially satisfied; their financial situation deteriorated in the last decade. The ministry of Health along with the Order of Pharmacists in Lebanon should cooperate together to resolve this problem since they are two entities responsible for the patient’s health.

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Attitudes of Iraqi society towards the role of community pharmacists

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Community pharmacy in Lebanon: A societal perspective

Community pharmacy in Lebanon: A societal perspective

Public Perceptions, Expectations, and Views of Community Pharmacy Practice in Kuwait

Situation analysis of community pharmacy owners in Lebanon

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