Attitudes toward opioid substitution therapy and pre-incarceration HIV transmission behaviors among HIV-infected prisoners in Malaysia: Implications for secondary prevention

Bachireddy, Chethan; Bazazi, Alexander R.; Kavasery, Ravi; Govindasamy, Sumathi; Kamarulzaman, Adeeba; Altice, Frederick L.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.12.001

Cited by 39 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In recent surveys of people who inject heroin or other opioids, 75% reported lifetime ATS use (and 21% reported injecting ATS), and lifetime ATS use was significantly associated with HIV infection (Chawarski et al 2012). Recently reported trends include rising rates of individuals under the age of 20 using drugs (Malaysia National Anti-Drug Agency (NADA) 2015; Hamudin 2015), growing attention on women who use drugs (Mohd Nasarrudin et al 2015;Rahman et al 2015;Wickersham et al 2016), and continued research focus on relationships between substance use and infectious diseases, particularly HIV and Hepatitis C (Bachireddy et al 2011;Choo et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Emerging Drug Use Trends in Kelantan, Malaysia

Desrosiers

Chooi

Zaharim

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

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The primarily rural and agrarian Kelantan province of Malaysia has high rates of drug use and is characterized by unique sociocultural factors. Combining qualitative and ethnographic methods, we investigated drug use and treatment needs of people who use drugs (PWUD) in rural areas of Kelantan. In February 2014, field visits, participant observation, and focus group discussions (FGDs) with 27 active PWUD were conducted in rural areas surrounding the capital city of Kelantan. The findings indicate a high prevalence of opiate and amphetamine type stimulants (ATS) use in these areas. FGD participants reported initiating drug use at early ages due to peer influences, to relieve boredom, to cope with problems, and a high saturation of villages with other PWUD was reported as a major contributor to their own continued drug use. They reported a trend of drug use initiation at younger ages and increased drug use among females. Participants were interested in treatment; however, their limited knowledge about treatment options and perceived limited availability of services were barriers to treatment seeking. Easy access to drugs, primarily from Thailand and facilitated by the use of mobile phones, resulted in an expanding prevalence of drug use that underscores the need to bolster education and prevention efforts and accessibility of treatment services in Kelantan.

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confidence: 99%

Emerging Drug Use Trends in Kelantan, Malaysia

Desrosiers

Chooi

Zaharim

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

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“…Stigma towards PWIDs (Earnshaw et al, 2014; Jin et al, 2014) and treatments like OST (Amato et al, 2005; Bachireddy et al, 2011; Mattick et al, 2009; Wickersham, Marcus, et al, 2013; Wickersham, Zahari, et al, 2013), is pervasive in Malaysia and may serve as a barrier towards effective treatment, as evidenced by negative attitudes by patients toward OST (Bachireddy et al, 2011) and discrimination against PWIDs by the country’s next generation of clinicians (Earnshaw et al, 2014; Jin et al, 2014). Despite OST’s recent introduction in Malaysia in 2005, C&C patients generally supported it, perhaps because it was integrated into the program from its inception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory qualitative assessment of self-reported treatment outcomes and satisfaction among patients accessing an innovative voluntary drug treatment centre in Malaysia

Ghani

Brown

Khan

et al. 2015

International Journal of Drug Policy

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Background In Malaysia, compulsory drug detention centres (CDDCs) hold suspected drug users for two years without adjudication. Acute detoxification without healthcare access has been documented. CDDCs are criticized globally due to ineffectiveness in treating addiction and human rights violations. In response, the Malaysian government began transitioning these facilities into voluntary drug treatment centres known as “Cure and Care” (C&C) centres that embrace a holistic treatment-based approach to drug addiction rehabilitation. Methods An explorative qualitative study was undertaken to explore patient perspectives and satisfaction regarding treatment and services at the new Cure and Care centre in Kota Bharu, Malaysia. A convenience sample of 20 patients was recruited to participate in semi-structured in-depth interviews. Content analysis approach was used to identify the salient themes. Results Patients identified methadone treatment, psychosocial programs, religious instruction, and recreational activities as important factors contributing to treatment success for addressing both health and addiction needs. Though many had previously been in a CDDC, adherence to treatment in the C&C centre was perceived to be facilitated by the degree of social support, the voluntary nature and the array of new programs available for selection. Conclusion C&Cs represents a dramatic shift in the Malaysian government’s approach to drug addiction. Our findings demonstrate positive patient experiences associated with the holistic treatment-based approach of these centres. This exploratory study provides additional evidence to document this ongoing policy transition and may guide continued expansion of new holistic drug treatment programs across the country.

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“…A study conducted in Malaysia shows that antiretroviral therapy and reduce disease transmission, also contributes to the secondary prevention after incarceration, reducing risk behaviors among newly released, since they have a high risk of drug use relapse. the data also show that although there are opinions of controversy about the benefits of therapy after the arrest, this has aroused interest among former prisoners in learning more about the therapy, especially among those who shared needles or syringes prior to imprisonment and among those who lost a close friend to AIDS [3].…”

Section: Thematic Axis 4 Antiretroviral Therapy In Prisons: Encouragmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It is estimated that the number of people infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is higher among prisoners than in the general population, reaching epidemic proportions in some countries, the United States (1 in 100 behind bars), Malaysia (prevalence 10 times higher inside prisons) [3][4][5][6][7][8]. It is likely that, in some locations, like the federations belonging to the African continent, HIV infection rates differ from the real, because that homosexual activity is considered an illegal practice, masking the high incidence of the disease [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is understood that even in prison, the HIV-infected person is a citizen who has rights to health endorsed constitutionally and that the judicial area of rehabilitation is a key opportunity for mass strategies implementations as condom distribution, counseling reduction of risk behaviors, prevention and monitoring of antiretroviral therapy (ARt) [3,[16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV/AIDS in prison: state of the art of scientific productions

et al. 2016

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Background: Considering the relevance of discussing AIDS in diferents contexts and groups with lower social support, the objetive of this study was, summarize the scientific production developed over the past decade related to HIV/AIDS in the prison context.Method: the sample consisted of 33 scientific articles linked to the portal journals of Capes, using the descriptors "HIV" and "prisoners", collected in March 2013. In the analysis stage of the articles, we used one specific instrument containing data, such as: article title, year of publication, country in which the research was developed and method. the interpretation of results occurred by the similarity of sub-themes, summarized and compared and presented in the form of frame.Results: there was a higher production between 2010 and 2012, predominantly work in English and quantitative approach. there were settled four main themes: prevalence of HIV/AIDS and co-morbidities; vulnerability/risk to HIV/AIDS; interventions against HIV/AIDS; antiretroviral therapy in prisons: encouraging former prisioners. Conclusion:In general, the complex problem of AIDS is still treated under a look turned to understanding risk behaviors and ways of transmission. the focus remains on the subject actor of acts that exposes to risk without, either, unfold to the social, political and economic in which they develop different factors of vulnerability.

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Attitudes toward opioid substitution therapy and pre-incarceration HIV transmission behaviors among HIV-infected prisoners in Malaysia: Implications for secondary prevention

Abstract: Background-Pre-incarceration HIV transmission behaviors and current attitudes toward opioid substitution therapy (OST) among HIV-infected male prisoners in Malaysia have important implications for secondary HIV prevention efforts.

Cited by 39 publications

References 48 publications

Emerging Drug Use Trends in Kelantan, Malaysia

Emerging Drug Use Trends in Kelantan, Malaysia

An exploratory qualitative assessment of self-reported treatment outcomes and satisfaction among patients accessing an innovative voluntary drug treatment centre in Malaysia

HIV/AIDS in prison: state of the art of scientific productions

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