Attractiveness of various crude feed ingredients to juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus, Temminck & Schlegel) and its application to aquaculture

Abstract

The olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus, Temminck & Schlegel) is the most popular and commercially important marine fish species in aquaculture in eastern Asian countries, such as Korea, China and Japan, because of its high market value and rapid growth

Inclusion effect of jack mackerel,Trachurus japonicus, meal in the diet of rockfish,Sebastes schlegeli, on growth, feed utilization, biochemical composition, and innate immune responses

“…The consistent result was also reported in rockfish (Kim et al, 2020; Kim & Cho, 2019). Jeong et al (2020) also revealed that inclusion of 50 g/kg JMM in EP effectively increased feed intake and eventually elevated weight gain, SGR, and CF of olive flounder. In fish, some AAs (alanine, arginine, betaine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, methionine, proline, and threonine) have been demonstrated as good feeding inducers or stimulants (Carr et al, 1996; Goh & Tamura, 1980; Ismail et al, 2020; Olsén & Lundh, 2016; Yacoob & Browman, 2007; Yeşilayer & Kaymak, 2020).…”

“…Both rockfish (Kim et al, 2020) and olive flounder (Jeong et al, 2020) exhibited the strongest attractiveness to JMM among 15-16 common protein ingredients. Rockfish showed the strongest attractive behavior (movement of fish from acclimatization chamber toward the selected chamber after introduction of the experimental diets containing different levels of JMM) to the JMM 1000 diet, but the best growth in the JMM 400 diet in the current study, while diets containing 600, and 200 g/kg JMM exhibited the strongest attractive behavior in the same equipment used in the current study and achieved the best growth performance of olive flounder in the 8-week feeding experiment, respectively, in Jeong et al's (2022) study.…”

“…Chemoreception of these systems is activated when substances dissolve in water; therefore, metabolites with low molecular weight, such as amino acids (AAs), can stimulate feed consumption (Carr et al, 1996;Derby & Sorensen, 2008;Kim & Cho, 2019;Morais, 2017). Various studies on regarding feed ingredient with high feed attractants and/or stimulants for fish have been conducted, but these ingredients vary greatly relying on the fish species and the concentration of the ingredients (Carr et al, 1996;Jeong et al, 2020Jeong et al, , 2022Tandler et al, 1982;Yacoob & Browman, 2007), implying that more in-depth research is needed for the cultivated fish species.…”

“…Muscle extracts from krill (Kofuji et al, 2006; Kolkovski et al, 2000), squid (Kofuji et al, 2006; Mai et al, 2006; Toften et al, 2003), marine worm, Perinereis brevicirrus (Fuke et al, 1981), shrimp (Mearns et al, 1987), stickwater (by‐product of FM processing) (Peng et al, 2022), tuna hydrolysate (Chaklader et al, 2021), and shrimp hydrolysate (Khosravi et al, 2015; Li et al, 2021) could be utilized as natural stimulants to enhance feed intake of fish. Recently, Jeong et al (2020) found that jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus , meal (JMM), revealed the highest attractiveness to olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus , among various feed ingredients commonly adopted as the protein sources in aquafeeds, and inclusion of 50 g/kg JMM in the EP achieved superior growth performance of fish compared to sardine meal or hydrolyzed FM directly responding to increased feed intake. Our recent study (Jeong et al, 2022) also proved that dietary optimum level of JMM was estimated to be 120 g/kg for the best growth and highest feed intake when juvenile olive flounder were fed with a 600 g/kg FM‐based diet or one of diets containing 6, 18, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360, and 600 g/kg JMM at the expense of FM for 8 weeks.…”

Apparent digestibility coefficients of animal feed ingredients for olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

“…Anchovy meal (AM) and sardine meal (SM) are also supplemented in olive flounder diets as main protein sources (Back et al, 2020;Bae et al, 2020;Park et al, 2021). It was recently reported that jack mackerel meal (JMM) enhances feed consumption of olive flounder due to its high attractiveness (Jeong et al, 2020). Tuna meal (TM), pro-duced by tuna byproducts, is incorporated in commercial olive flounder feed to reduce production costs as reported by Kim et al (2014).…”