Auditory cortical plasticity under operation: reorganization of auditory cortex induced by electric cochlear stimulation reveals adaptation to altered sensory input statistics

Dinse, Hubert R.; Godde, Ben; Reuter, G.; Cords, S. M.; Hilger, T.

doi:10.1016/s0167-6393(02)00104-8

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…There are few reports of the effects of chronic stimulation of multiple auditory nerve sectors on the cochlea-to-cortex mapping, but preliminary findings confirm an expansion in activated area superimposed on a relatively normal cochleotopy (Fallon et al, 2007a). The expansion in total activation area seen using electrophysiological techniques has also been reported in an optical imaging study (Dinse et al, 2003(Dinse et al, , 1997a, but the expansion was of a very different sort. The large cortical territories activated by a single electrode were massively overlapping, such that there was ''a profound reduction of representational selectivity'', in contrast to the near-normal cochleotopy seen by Fallon et al (2007a).…”

Section: Cochleotopic Organisationmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In contrast, neonatal deafening results not only in a similar spread of cortical activation as short-term deafness (i.e., a 6 dB supra-threshold stimulus activates a 3-to 4-mm wide dorso-lateral strip), but also in a complete or near-complete loss of the orderly mapping of cochlear location to cortical location (Fallon et al, 2007a;Raggio and Schreiner, 1999). Using optical imaging techniques, Dinse et al (2003Dinse et al ( , 1997a also reported a disintegration of the normal map, with the emergence of isolated islands or patches of activity in response to stimulation of a given electrode. The loss of cochleotopy in AI is in contrast to the electrophysiological evidence from lower centres, most notably the IC, in which a near-normal cochleotopic organisation is maintained even after extended periods of deafness (Leake et al, 2000;Moore et al, 2002;Shepherd et al, 1999;Snyder et al, 1990).…”

Section: Cochleotopic Organisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of different stimulation regimes on the cochleotopic organisation of IC may partly explain the different effects of chronic stimulation in AI reported in the electrophysiological and optical imaging studies, as they also used different stimulation regimes. In particular, Dinse et al (2003) used a stimulation strategy in which all electrodes were stimulated near-simultaneously. It is also possible that the different effects reflect differences in the laminar location of the activity recorded by the two techniques: the electrophysiological data are predominantly from the middle cortical layers, and thus reflect thalamo-cortical input, whereas the optical imaging recordings predominantly reflect activity in the superficial cortical layers.…”

Section: Cochleotopic Organisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cochlear implants and brain plasticity

2008

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Cochlear implants have been implanted in over 110,000 deaf adults and children worldwide and provide these patients with important auditory cues necessary for auditory awareness and speech perception via electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve (AN). In 1942, Woolsey and Walzl presented the first report of cortical responses to localised electrical stimulation of different sectors of the AN in normal hearing cats, and established the cochleotopic organization of the projections to primary auditory cortex. Subsequently, individual cortical neurons in normal hearing animals have been shown to have well characterized input-output functions for electrical stimulation and decreasing response latencies with increasing stimulus strength. However, the central auditory system is not immutable, and has a remarkable capacity for plastic change, even into adulthood, as a result of changes in afferent input. This capacity for change is likely to contribute to the ongoing clinical improvements observed in speech perception for cochlear implant users. This review examines the evidence for changes of the response properties of neurons in, and consequently the functional organization of, the central auditory system produced by chronic, behaviourally relevant, electrical stimulation of the AN in profoundly deaf humans and animals.

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Section: Cochleotopic Organisationmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Cochleotopic Organisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cochleotopic Organisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cochlear implants and brain plasticity

2008

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“…As noted above, it is unclear to what extent this effect is attributable to developmental or adult plasticity. When such stimulation is restricted to a single intracochlear location, expansion of the representation of that cochlear region has been reported in ICC (Snyder et al, 1990) and in AI (Dinse et al, 2003). This effect in cortex is analogous to the expansion of the representation of lesion-edge frequencies after restricted cochlear lesions.…”

Section: Plastic Effects Of Cochlear Electrical Stimulation In Profoumentioning

confidence: 88%

Auditory cortical plasticity: Does it provide evidence for cognitive processing in the auditory cortex?

Irvine

2007

Hearing Research

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The past 20 years have seen substantial changes in our view of the nature of the processing carried out in auditory cortex. Some processing of a cognitive nature, previously attributed to higher-order "association" areas, is now considered to take place in auditory cortex itself. One argument adduced in support of this view is the evidence indicating a remarkable degree of plasticity in the auditory cortex of adult animals. Such plasticity has been demonstrated in a wide range of paradigms, in which auditory input or the behavioural significance of particular inputs is manipulated. Changes over the same time period in our conceptualization of the receptive fields of cortical neurons, and well-established mechanisms for use-related changes in synaptic function, can account for many forms of auditory cortical plasticity. On the basis of a review of auditory cortical plasticity and its probable mechanisms, it is argued that only plasticity associated with learning tasks provides a strong case for cognitive processing in auditory cortex. Even in this case the evidence is indirect, in that it has not yet been established that the changes in auditory cortex are necessary for behavioural learning and memory. Although other lines of evidence provide convincing support for cognitive processing in auditory cortex, that provided by auditory cortical plasticity remains equivocal.

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“…Cochlear-implant users tend to exhibit quite marked improvements in speech perception during the fi rst few months of implant use (Spivak & Waltzman, 1990;Loeb & Kessler, 1995), and may continue to improve up to two years post implantation (Tyler et al, 1997). Evidence suggests that this improvement is primarily driven by improvements in the ability to map the novel sensations provided by a cochlear implant onto existing linguistic knowledge (Dinse et al, 2003;Svirsky et al, 2001Svirsky et al, , 2004. It is possible that a similar process underlies the improvements that follow auditory training.…”

Section: Sumariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of computer-based auditory training for adult users of cochlear implants

Stacey

Raine

O’Donoghue

et al. 2010

International Journal of Audiology

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Cochlear implantation is effective at restoring partial hearing to profoundly deaf adults, but not all patients receive equal benefit. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a computer-based self-administered training package that was designed to improve speech perception among adults who had used cochlear implants for more than three years. Eleven adults were asked to complete an hour of auditory training each day, five days a week, for a period of three weeks. Two training tasks were included, one based around discriminating isolated words, and the other around discriminating words in sentences. Compliance with the protocol was good, with eight out of eleven participants completing approximately 15 hours of training, as instructed. A significant improvement of eight percentage points was found on a test of consonant discrimination, but there were no significant improvements on sentence tests or on a test of vowel discrimination. Self-reported benefits were variable and generally small. Further research is needed to establish whether auditory training is particularly effective for identifiable sub-groups of cochlear-implant users.

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Auditory cortical plasticity under operation: reorganization of auditory cortex induced by electric cochlear stimulation reveals adaptation to altered sensory input statistics

Cited by 17 publications

References 79 publications

Cochlear implants and brain plasticity

Cochlear implants and brain plasticity

Auditory cortical plasticity: Does it provide evidence for cognitive processing in the auditory cortex?

Effectiveness of computer-based auditory training for adult users of cochlear implants

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