1985
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1985.tb01660.x
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Auditory Discrimination and the Eyeblink

Abstract: This experiment evaluated the association between blinking and cognitive activities. Subjects received 200 and 400 ms tones (1 KHz) at fixed intervals in a duration discrimination paradigm. One group (“Task”) was instructed to respond to the stimuli on the basis of duration and another (“No‐Task”) was instructed to ignore the stimuli. Blink activity (latency, rate, duration) and performance (RT, hit and false alarm rates) measures were evaluated. A first analysis (Task subjects only) indicated that stimulus du… Show more

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Cited by 44 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…For example, while Wierwille, Rahimi, & Casali (1995) found increases in blink rate when the navigational demands of a simulated flight mission increased, Stern and Skely (1984) observed decreases in blink rate when a copilot took command of an aircraft and Sirevaag et al (1988) found decreases in blink rate when subjects transitioned from a single to a dual task. While these discrepancies might be explained in terms of the visual requirements of the tasks (e.g., in both the Sirevaag et al and the Stem and Skelly studies, the visual processing demands increased in the more difficult conditions, while the visual processing requirements were essentially the same in the different navigational load conditions in the Wierwille et al study), other investigators have failed to find a significant relationship between blink rate and processing demands in a variety of visual and auditory tasks (Bauer et al, 1985;Casali & Wierwille, 1983). Thus, based on these findings, it appears that additional empirical and theoretical effort is required before blink rate couid be recommended as a measure of mental workload.…”
Section: Sensitivity and Diagnosticitymentioning
confidence: 95%
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“…For example, while Wierwille, Rahimi, & Casali (1995) found increases in blink rate when the navigational demands of a simulated flight mission increased, Stern and Skely (1984) observed decreases in blink rate when a copilot took command of an aircraft and Sirevaag et al (1988) found decreases in blink rate when subjects transitioned from a single to a dual task. While these discrepancies might be explained in terms of the visual requirements of the tasks (e.g., in both the Sirevaag et al and the Stem and Skelly studies, the visual processing demands increased in the more difficult conditions, while the visual processing requirements were essentially the same in the different navigational load conditions in the Wierwille et al study), other investigators have failed to find a significant relationship between blink rate and processing demands in a variety of visual and auditory tasks (Bauer et al, 1985;Casali & Wierwille, 1983). Thus, based on these findings, it appears that additional empirical and theoretical effort is required before blink rate couid be recommended as a measure of mental workload.…”
Section: Sensitivity and Diagnosticitymentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Closure duration has been found to decrease when copilots take over flight control duties from pilots (Stem & Skelly, 1984), decrease when operators are required to perform several tasks simultaneously relative to single-task control conditions , and increase with time on task (Bauer et al, 1985;Oster & Stem, 1980), presumably due to increases in fatigue. Thus, similar to blink latency, operators appear to maintain fixation for longer periods of time when visual processing demands are high.…”
Section: Sensitivity and Diagnosticitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In general, a task requiring visual vigilance and attention reduces the blink rate (Bauer, Strock, Goldstein, Stern, & Walrath, 1985), whereas intensified sympathetic stimulation increases it. Therefore, the importance of studying the blink rate is widely acknowledged not only from theoretical but also from practical and clinical points of view.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Exactly when that would occur is largely random, depending on the "coincidence" of an ocular movement and the start of the stimulus. Others have reported that blinks tend to be inhibited during an active search phase of a visual-performance task, and then occur preferentially after a response has been made (Bauer, Strock, Goldstein, Stern, & Walrath, 1985); however, that would presumably depend on the nature of the task and the intervals between stimuli. The blinks and saccades that were of interest here occurred during periods of anticipation of a stimulus being presented at some time within the next 15 sec.…”
Section: Author Notementioning
confidence: 99%