Augmentation of the Pharmacological Action of Corydalis Tuber by Saussurea Root in Isolated Mouse Ileum

Abstract

To understand the meaning of blending crude drugs in Chinese medicinal prescriptions, the in‰uence of Saussurea root on the pharmacological action of Corydalis tuber was examined. Saussurea root increased the depression of acetylcholine-induced contraction caused by the hot water extract solution of Corydalis tuber in mouse ileum at low dosage, which showed no direct in‰uence on acetylcholine. Dehydrocostuslactone in Saussurea root was characterized as the component having increasing activity and the relationship between the concentration of acetylcholine and the variation in the contraction depressed by Corydalis tuber alone or a mixture of the Corydalis tuber and dehydrocostuslactone was investigated for clariˆcation of the mode of action.

Direct identification and quantitative determination of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone in the fixed oil ofLaurus novocanariensis by13C-NMR spectroscopy

“…The contents of 1 and 2 in the fixed oil of L. novocanariensis are quite significant compared with the amounts present in the methanolic extract from bay leaves (L. nobilis) that are, respectively, 0.9 and 0.04% (Matsuda et al, 2000). However, the levels of 1 and 2 determined in L. novocanariensis are considerably lower than those in Costus resinoid, the commercially available extract from Costus roots (Saussurea lappa), which is the usual source of these lactones, 9 and 18.4%, respectively (Kobayashi et al, 2001). The present study shows that 13 C-NMR spectroscopy can be used for the identification and quantification of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone in the fixed oil of L. novocanariensis without the need for the separation of the saponifiable and non-saponifiable components, or derivatisation, or indeed any sample preparation.…”

Toxicity Evaluation of a Non-Pain Pharmacopuncture Extract Using a Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test

“…In traditional medical practice, CT is commonly incorporated into medicinal compounds, known for its alkaloid content comprising tertiary amines, quaternary alkaloids, and non-alkaloids [ 26 ]. Over 80 alkaloids have been isolated and identified from CT, with corydaline and tetrahydropalmatine distinguished for their potent analgesic effects [ 27 - 30 ]. Tetrahydropalmatine exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in rat pituitary glands, and possesses analgesic potency comparable to opium at a fraction of the dose [ 29 - 32 ].…”

“…Over 80 alkaloids have been isolated and identified from CT, with corydaline and tetrahydropalmatine distinguished for their potent analgesic effects [ 27 - 30 ]. Tetrahydropalmatine exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in rat pituitary glands, and possesses analgesic potency comparable to opium at a fraction of the dose [ 29 - 32 ]. Another constituent, quercetin, present in CT, CF, and GR, is a flavonoid with reported analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects [ 32 ].…”